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1、单神经元PID控制器设计摘要常规PID控制器具有结构简单、易于实现、鲁棒性强等优点,但实际的生产过程中,控制对象一般都具有延迟大、非线性强、干扰大的特点。因此当工况改变时,对象的动态特性也发生改变,控制品质就会随之下降,所以采用常规PID控制器很难获得令人满意的控制效果。神经网络具有强鲁棒性、容错性、并行处理、自学习、逼近非线性关系等特点,在解决非线性和不确定系统控制方面有很大潜力,近年来已广泛应用于工业过程控制领域。由于单神经元模型具有自适应和自学习的能力,使得它可以作为一种很好的方法而得以应用,因此本文将单神经元模型与常规PID控制器相结合,
2、形成了具有自适应能力的单神经元PID控制器。本文讨论了单神经元自适应PID控制器和多变量单神经元PID控制器的结构,控制算法,并MATLAB仿真软件给出了实例仿真。MATLAB仿真结果表明,该控制系统既保持了常规PID控制的优点,又有自学习的智能特性,因而具有良好的控制品质和较强的自适应能力。关键词:PID控制器;数学模型;自适应控制;单神经元;MATLAB仿真;多变量ITheDesignofSingleNeuronPIDControllerAbstractConventionalPIDcontrollerissimpleinstructure,
3、easytoimplement,robustandotheradvantages.However,intheactualproductionprocesscontroltargetshavedelayedthegeneral,non-linearstrong,andtheheavycharacteristicsofthedisturbance,sowhenthesituationchanges,theobjectofdynamicchange,qualitycontrolwillbedeclined.Therefore,theconvention
4、alPIDcontrolmethodisdifficulttoobtainsatisfactoryperformance.Neuralnetworkhasstrongerrobust,fault-tolerant,parallelprocessing,self-learning,approachingthecharacteristicsofnon-linearrelationship,anduncertaintyinsolvingnonlinearcontrolsystemthereisgreatpotential,inrecentyearsha
5、sbeenwidelyusedincontrolledareas.Insingle-neuronmodelisself-adaptiveandself-learningability,itcanberegardedasaneffectiveintelligentwayforapplication,sothisarticlewillbeusesingle-neuronmodelwiththeconventionalPIDcontrollercombinetoformtheadaptivecapacityofasingle-neuronPIDcont
6、roller.ThispaperdiscussesthestructureandthecontrolalgorithmofthesingleneuronadaptivePIDcontrollerandthevariablesingleneuronPIDcontroller,besides,givingthesimulationexamplesbyMATLABsimulationsoftware.TheMATLABsimulationresultsindicatedthatthecontrolsystembothmaintainedtheconve
7、ntionalcascadePIDcontrolmerit,andhasfromtheself-learningintelligentcharacteristic,thushasthegoodcontrolqualityandthestrongauto-adaptedability.Keywords:PIDcontroller;Parametersofthemodel;Adaptivecontrol;Single-neuron;MATLABsimulation;multivariableII目录第1章引言.....................
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