英汉对照分子生物学导论 Chapter 1 Amino Acids to Proteins

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1、Chapter1AminoAcidstoProteins1.1ProteinComposition1.2ProteinConformations1.3ProteinStructureandFunction:AFewExamples1.4TheDynamicsofProteins1.5Experiments1.1蛋白质的组成1.2蛋白质的构象1.3蛋白质的结构与功能：几个例子1.4蛋白质动力学1.5实验研究Chapter1AminoAcidstoProteins第1章氨基酸到蛋白质Lifeismostdirectlyt

2、heworkofproteins.Proteinsalloworganismstogrowandreproduce.Theyprovideshape,strengthandmovement.Inthecell,proteinsareeverywhereanddoalmosteverything.生命几乎就是蛋白质的杰作。蛋白质让生物可以生长和繁殖。它们为生物提供了外形和力量，以及运动功能。在细胞中，蛋白质无处不在，行使着几乎任何功能。1.1ProteinComposition/蛋白质的组成9623Thetwentya

3、minoacidsandtheirabbreviationStructuresofhydrophobicaminoacidsStructuresofthehydrophilicaminoacidsStructuresofthe20commonaminoacidsNegativechargePositivechargeTheformationofapeptidebondPartialdoublebond/部分双键PartialdoublebondRigidandflexiblebonds3DstructureN-ter

4、minusandC-terminus/N-末端和C-末端1.2ProteinConformations/1.2蛋白质的构象1.2.1DescribingProteinStructure1.2.2ChemicalandPhysicalBasisforProteinFolding1.2.1描述蛋白质的结构1.2.2蛋白质折叠的化学和物理基础1.2.1DescribingProteinStructureαhelix/α螺旋Hydrogenbondβsheet/β折叠HydrogenbondParallelandantipa

5、rallelβsheetsTertiarystructure/三级结构αhelixβsheetTurnQuaternarystructure/四级结构OnesubunitPhysicalinteractionsinvolvedinproteinfolding1)Covalentbonding2)Hydrogenbonding3)Ionicbonding4)VanderWaalsforces5)Hydrophobicinteraction1.2.2ChemicalandPhysicalBasisforProteinFo

6、lding1)Covalentbond/共价键SharedelectronsH－HH+1H+1+1+1CovalentbondCovalentbond/共价键CovalentbondCovalentbond/共价键Covalentbond2)Hydrogenbond/氢键HydrogenbondPartialchargesvs.FullchargesClδ–δ+δ+NaHydrogenbond/氢键Hydrogenbond3)Ionicbond/离子键Theionicbondofsodiumchloride,NaCl

7、Na+11Cl+17Ionicbond/离子键GluLysNowshowingChemicalBondFormationFile:biophoto7LifeChemicalBondFormation.(8’)4)VanderWaalsforces/范德华力Atom1Atom2vanderWaalsforceVanderWaalsforcesvs.IonicbondAtom1Atom2VanderWaalsforcesTheatomitselfhasnegativeandpositivepartsTheintera

8、ctionistransientIonicbondThewholeatomiseithernegativeorpositiveTheinteractionisstableAtom1Atom2VanderWaalsforcesvs.hydrogenbondAtom1Atom2VanderWaalsforcesTheatomitselfhasneg