皮尔士、詹姆斯、杜威的实用主义真理理论

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1、THEPRAGMATICTHEORYOFTRUTHASDEVELOPEDBYPEIRCE,JAMES,ANDDEWEYDENTONL.GEYER}THEPRAGMATICTHEORYOFTRUTHASDEVELOPEDBYPEIRCE,JAMES,ANDDEWEYBYDENTONLORINGGEYERf/B.A.UniversityofWisconsin,1910M.A.UniversityofWisconsin,1911THESISSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeofDOCTORO

2、FPHILOSOPHYINPHILOSOPHYTHEGP.ADUAvrEOFTHEUNIVERSITYOFILLINOIS1914CONTENTSPACEINTRODUCTION3CHAPTERI.THEPRAGMATICDOCTRINEASORIGINALLYPRO-POSEDBYPEIRCE5CHAPTERII.THEINTERPRETATIONGIVENTOPRAGMATISMBYJAMES..

3、RITINGSOFJAMES2OTHETHEORYOFTRUTHINTRAGMATISM'ANDTHEMEANINGOFTRUTH'26TheAmbiguityof'Satisfaction'26TheRelationofTruthtoUtility29TheRelationofSatisfactiontoAgreementandConsistency32CHAPTERIII.THEPRAGMATICDOCTRINE.Ap$T?EORTHBYDEWEY35"THEEXPERIMENTAL,THEORY.OF*KNOWLEDGE"35CONTRASTBET'WEEN'

4、JA'MES-A^D-BEWEY38CHAPTERIV.SUMMARYANDCONCLUSION41MWLIOGRAPHY.44THEPRAGMATICTHEORYOFTRUTASDEVELOPEDBYPEIRCEJAMES,ANDDEWEY.INTRODUCTORY.ThisthesisattemptstotracethegrowthofthepragmaticdoctrineoftruththroughtheworksofitsthreemostfamousadvocatesinAmerica.AnexaminationofPeirce'sinitialstat

5、ementofpragmatismisfol-lowedbyadiscussionofhisobjectionstothemeaningputuponhisdoctrinebyhiswould-bedisciples,andhisresort,inordertosavehimselffromthese'perversions',toarenamingofhistheory.Someevidentcontradictionsinhisdifferentprinciplesarepointedout.ThechangingpositionofWilliamJamesis

6、thenfollowedthroughmagazinearticlesandbooksappearingsuccessivelyduringaperiodofaboutthirtyyears.Onefindshereagraduallybutcontinuallywideningdivergencefromtherationalistictheories,whichculminatesfinallyinthemuch-quotedextremestatementsofthebook'Pragmatism'.Thefewsubsequentlypublishedref

7、erencestotruthseemtoconsistlargelyofdefensesorretractionsofthetenetstheresetforth.Ashasbeensooftensaid,WilliamJameswastoosympathetictowardthedoctrinesofothermentomaintainaconsistentdoctrineofhisown.Hisbestwork,likethatofthe-higherliterarytypetowhichheap-proached,wastotranscribeandint