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1、主语从句与同位语从句Subjectclausesinthereadingpassage1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface3.Whatmanyscientistsbeliev
2、eisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.4....itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.5.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.6.Why…disappearedstillrema
3、insamystery.7.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在功能上相当于名词在主句中担任主语、同位语的名词性从句分别叫做主语从句和同位语从句。主Hisjobisimportant.语Whathedoesisimportant.主语从句Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.同位Idon’tknowaboutt
4、hefactthathe语isateacher.同位语从句SubjectClauses主语从句ConjunctionsofNounClauses（引导主语从句的关联词）：从属连词that不可省略（不作成分）that,whether不用if连接代词what(ever),which(ever);（作主、宾、who(ever),whom(ever),表、定）whose连接副词when(ever),where(ver),（作状语）how(ever),why引导词一.that只起引导作用，不充当主语从句中成分
5、，没有意义，但不能省略。__T_h_a_t_s_h_e_l_e_f_t_h_im__hurtshimsomuch.（她离开他）1.T_h__a_t_w__e_s_h__a_ll_b__e_l_a_t_e_iscertain.（我们将迟到了）2._T_h_a_t_t_h_e__ea_r_t_h__is_r_o_u_n_d__isknowntoall.(地球是圆的)3._T_h_a_t_y_o_u__m__is_s_e_d_t_h_e_c_h_a_n__ce_isapity.(你错过了这次机会)引导词二
6、.whether“是否”，不做主语从句中成分，源于一般疑问句；“if”不能引导主语从句。_W__h_e_t_h_e_r_h_e_w__il_l_c_o_m__e_h_e_r_e___isnoteasytosay(他是否会来这儿）.×(Ifhewillcomehere...)三.连接代词what等在从句中作主语、宾语等。_W_h_a_t_w__e_n_e_e_d__ismorepractice.（我们所需要的）四.连接副词when等在从句中作状语。W__h_e_n__w_e_w__il_l_b_e_g
7、_i_n_t_h_e_m__e_e_t_in_g_isunderdiscussion.注意一:主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.→It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.→Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:Itis+ad
8、j./n.(strange/apity/…)+that…Itis+v.-ed(said/reported…)+that…连It词iswshteitlhlear,连p接u代zz词lewwhaht,owhiot,wwhaicsh和th连a接t副词when,where,why,how等引导主语从句,也常后置:toldhimthesecretyesterday.注意二:主语从句对应的主句谓语动词一般用单数。但what/who等引导主语从句时，主句谓语单复数要根据语境决定。Wh
