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《美国刑法12 Complicity-Mens Rea-For actions of the principle》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、PKU-STLHuComplicity-mensrea-foractionsoftheprinciple Complicity-atheoryofculpability-agentandtheprincipalisthesameculpableConspiracy-aseparateandindependentcrimeFacilitation-aseparatecrime,includedincomplicitytheorybutitisnotcompletelyculpable Introductio
2、n:·Theproblemofmensreaforcomplicityiscomplicatedbythepresenceoftwolevelsofmensrea:thatrequiredoftheaccomplice(thehelperorencourager)andthatrequiredoftheprincipal(theactualperpetrator).·Atruepurpose,oftencalledaspecificintent,isgenerallyrequiredtoholdapers
3、onliableasanaccomplice;thatis,hemustactuallyintendhisactiontofurtherthecriminalactionoftheprincipal. Morallyculpable,identicalmensrea,sharedintentFocusonpuremoralculpabilityWhyproblematic MPC:Mensrea:Withthepurposeofpromotingorfacilitatingthecommissionoft
4、heoffense(intent)Actusreus:solicitssuchotherpersontocommititoraidsoragreesorattemptstoaidsuchotherpersoninplanningorcommittingitorhavingalegaldutytopreventthecommissionoftheoffense,failstomakepropereffortsotodo Hicks(1893):Facts:ThestateclaimedthatDencour
5、agedtheprincipaltoshotthevictim.Laughaloudandsaid"takeoffyourhatanddielikeaman".Convictedofmurder,reversed.Trialcourtjuryinstructions(whicharebothwrong):·First:ifintentionuseofthewordshastheeffecttoencourageonemantokill,wepresumethatheintendsthateffect.Su
6、premecourt:Thetrialcourtconfoundedtheintentionaluseofthewordswiththeintentionasrespectstheeffecttobeproduced.Weneedtoprovethelatterone.·Second:atthatplace,purpose,evendidnotdoanything(becauseitisnotnecessary),andwithoutpreviousconspiracy,wouldbeliable·Sup
7、remecourt:Whereaaccompliceispresentforthepurposeofaidingandabettinginamurder,butrefrainsfromsoaidingandabettingbecauseitturnedoutnottobenecessaryfortheaccomplishofthecommonpurpose,theremustbeevidencesufficienttoshowthattherehadbeenapreviousconspiracybetwe
8、entheminordertoholdtheaccompliceliable.PKU-STLHuSpecificintenttoencourage(canbeinferfrompreviousconspiracy)+presentattheplace(noactbecauseunnecessary)=stillguilty Gladstone(1970):Facts:GavenameandaddressofKent,drewa
