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1、牛津英语模块一语法定语从句（1）1关系代词在定语从句中的使用除了形容词，名词等作定语来修饰名词或代词，句子也可以作定语，我们称作定语的句子为定语从句。先看这样的两个句子：ThismanismyEnglishteacher.Heisstandingatthedoor.如果想把这两个句子合成一个句子，我们可将第二句转换成定语从句来修饰theman，即：Themanthat/whoisstandingatthedoorismyEnglishteacher.这个句子中，that/whoisstandingatthedoor充当了theman的定语，它就是定语从句；而被修饰的them
2、an叫作先行词，that/who是关系代词。2关系代词that，which,who,whom,whose的区别（1）当先行词是‘人’时：①关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，用that/whoIshethemanwho/thattoldyouthenews?②关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，用whom/that/who,也可以省略Theboy(whom/that/who)Italkedtoyesterdayismybrother.（2）当先行词是‘物’时：可用关系代词that/which来充当主语或宾语Thisisabookwhich/thattalksaboutgeography
3、.综上所述，that既可指‘人’，也可指‘物’，而which只可指‘物’，who/whom只可指‘人’；who/that/which都可作主语或宾语，而whom只能作宾语；whose在定语从句中必须放在一个名词前作定语Thebookwhosecoverisredcan’tbefoundnow.3只能用that引导定语从句的情况（1）当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时ThisisthebestdictionarythatI’veeverused.Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoworkoutaplan.（2）当先行词被all,some,an
4、y,no,little,much等修饰或者先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时Allthatshelackedwastraining.Shewouldneverdoanythingthatwasnotapprovedofbyherparents.（3）当先行词既有人又有物时Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.（4）当先行词被thelast,theonly,thevery等修饰时Thisisth
5、eonlyexamplethatIknow.ThisisoneoftheverybooksthatIamlookingfor.（5）当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用thatChinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.4引导定语从句的关系代词常用which不用that的情况（1）关系代词前有介词或介词短语时Galileobuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudythesky.HereisthebookaboutwhichItoldyouyesterday,（2）引导非限制性定语从句时Football,whichi
6、saveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,whichwasbetterthanwecouldexcept.（3）当关系代词之后有插入语时HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asI’vetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.Hewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplaywhich,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.（4）先行词本身是tha
7、t时Thatwhichisevilissoonlearned.坏事易学。Thatwhichiswelldoneistwicedone.一次做的好等于做两次。5which和whose作定语时的区别Which和whose都可以在定语从句中作定语，但是which一般只用在非限制性定语从句中，紧指物，并且要接一个对先行词起概括作用的泛指名词；‘whose+名词’与先行词不表示同一事物或情况PeterspentthreeyearsinFrance,duringwhichtimehelearntFrench.Thehousew
