英汉翻译方法1——被动语态译法

《英汉翻译方法1——被动语态译法》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、被动语态的翻译教学内容n1、英语中常用被动语态的情况nWhypassivevoiceisusedinEnglish?n2、汉语中被动意义的表现方式nHowthesenseof“passiveness”isconveyedinChinesen3、英语被动语态的翻译MemonSupposealittleboybrokesomeone’swindow.n1.Yoursonbrokemywindow.n2.Thewindowwasbrokenbyyourson.nNotes:Iftheownerofthehousewantstocom

2、plaintotheboy’sparent,hewouldsay“1”;nButifhejusttalksaboutthewindowanddoesnotwanttotracetheresponsibilityoftheincidenthewouldsimplysay“2”.nWhenthecrudeoilisobtainedfromthefield,itistakentotherefineriestobetreated.Thecommonestformoftreatmentisheating.Whentheoilisheat

3、ed,thefirstvaporstorisearecooledandbecomethefinestpetrol.Petrolhasalowboilingpoint;ifalittleispouredintothehand,itsoonvaporizes.Gasthatcomesofftheoillateriscondensedintoparaffin.Lastofallthelubricatingoilsofvariousgradesareproduced.Whatremainsisheavyoilthatisusedasf

4、uel.nWhenthecrudeoilisobtainedfromthefield,itistakentotherefineriestobetreated.Thecommonestformoftreatmentisheating.Whentheoilisheated,thefirstvaporstorisearecooledandbecomethefinestpetrol.Petrolhasalowboilingpoint;ifalittleispouredintothehand,itsoonvaporizes.Gastha

5、tcomesofftheoillateriscondensedintoparaffin.Lastofallthelubricatingoilsofvariousgradesareproduced.Whatremainsisheavyoilthatisusedasfuel.n一、被动语态在英语中的运用被动语态的广泛使用是英语区别于汉语的一大特点。这一特点在科技英语语体中反映得尤为突出。这不仅是因为被动结构比主动结构更少主观色彩，结构更简单，还因为有不必、不愿或无从说出施动者等情况的存在。n1、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁

6、。例如：Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.Wehaven’tbeentoldaboutit.TheEnglisheveninghasbeenputofftillSaturday.n2、出于礼貌措辞等方面考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。例如：Youarerequestedtogiveaperformance.Itissaidthatyouwerelateforclassthismorning.Whywereyourlate?n3、无从说出施动者是谁。例如：You’rewantedonthephone.T

7、heproblemisbeingstudied.Riceischieflygrowninthesouth.n4、为了便于上下衔接。例如：Heappearedonthestageandwaswarmlyapplaudedbytheaudience.JackfoughtJohninthemen’ssingleslastnightandwasbeaten.幸亏一个渔夫救起了他。“Fortunately,afishermanpickedhimup.”“Fortunately,hewaspickedupbyafisherman.”n5、

8、为了突出谈话的中心。例如：ThesongwascomposedbyaFrenchmusician.Theprogramwasdesignedbyourselves.nThereisnogrammaritemofvoiceinChinese,andthe被sentenceist