儿科重点复习总结

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1、总论1(思)Howmanyage-stagesarethereinchildhood?Gistofdru乂・treatmentindifferentape・sta£es?1.胎儿期(Fetalperiod)pregnancy〜labor(280d,40w)Careofpregnantmother!•''llDrugtreatmentofpregnmntmotherDruqseffectinqonfetus2.新生儿期(Neonatalperiod)Havetobefacedwiththenewenvironment▲Perinatalperiod(prenatal28w〜pos

2、tnatal7d)—perinatalmortality:highestNursingcareofbaby!Particularityofphamatherapy!DrugtreatmentduringlabourstageDrugseffectingonnewbornsSedatives(做静剂)Pain-killer（止痛病〉Narcotic（麻醉剂）plaa&itaOxytocin（催产索）Prostaglandin〈前列腺素）FetaldistressinuterusNeonatalasphyxiaHypoxic一ischemicencephalopathy(HIE)5

3、C13-3.1A3婴儿期(Infancyperiod)3umostndegreefeatures:①Physicaldevelopment一mostrapid①Requirementofnutrition—highest②Immunefunction一lowestNutritionsafeguard!Inoculationintime!5

4、

5、屮Drugtreatmentofinfants□Druqsinbreast-feedinqstaqeCblood-rnilkbarrier〉Atropineagitated/tachycardiaCodeineaddictIbradycar

6、dia□AvoidusingaminoglycosidesAuditoryhandicapKidneydamageXJ13-3-1AK4.幼儿期(Toddler"sage)IntellectualdevelopmentspeedingupCulturegoodhabitsSleepingFeedingExcretingCleaningDrugtreatmentDehydrationandacidosisInfluencingpharmaco-therapeuticsAvoidaccidentalinjuryofdrugsIncludingmis・medication5.学龄前期

7、(Pre-schoolage)(3y〜6yor7y)MentaldevelopmentAccidentinjuryEncourage!Warnaboutdanger!DrugtreatmentPreventionandcureofcommonpsycho-behaviorproblemsOraladministrationasfaraspossibleEducationaboutsafemedication6.学龄期(Schoolage)(6〜7yfAdolescence)LongforknowledgePersonalitybehaviorStrengtheneducatio

8、nanddiscipline!DrugtreatmentPreventionandtreatmentofautoimmunediseaseRheumaticfeverAcutenephritisEffectsofimmunomodulatorCorticosteroids(皮质激素)ongrowthanddevelopment4.青春期(Adolescence)Male:13/14y~18/20yFemale:11/12y~17/18yPsychologicaldevelopmentSexualproblemGuidetothinkindependently!Drugtreat

9、mentPharmaco-therapeuticprinciplesassameasadult"sDosage才adult"s1(思)Whatgeneralrulesdoesachildstowanddevelopon?5

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11、■IRulesofgrowthanddevelopment4.Continuous日ndstage-by-stageprocess1peaksofgrowthbv1yrinfancy:+°㈣2(kg/y)Jb.h+25(cm)7(cm/y)Ladolescence:gr