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ID:41938169
大小:36.50 KB
页数:4页
时间:2019-09-04
《全身反应法及其在对外汉语教学中的运用》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、全身反应法(TPR,TotalPhysicalResponse)是美国心理学家詹姆士•阿歇尔(J.T.Asher)于20世纪60年代提出的。这种方法倡导把言语和行为联系在一起,通过身体动作教授外语。教师先把教学内容设计成一系列指令式语言项目,然后让学生对这些项目用身体作出反应。TotalPhysicalResponsewasproposedbytheAmericanpsychologistJ.T.Asherin1960s.Themethodadvocatestoconnectspeechwithbehaviorandtot
2、eachforeignlanguagebybodylanguage.Theteacherfirstlydesignthecontentofcoursesintoaseriesofinstructionstypelanguageitems,thenmakestudentsreacttothoseprojects.1・教学原则:Teachingprinciples:(1)听力理解领先。首先培养学生的听力理解能力,然后再要求学生用口语表达。(l)Listeningcomprehensioncomesfirst.Firstly,w
3、eneedtodevelopstudents9abilitiesoflisteningcomprehension4、娴熟地运用指令,可以使学生学到大部分目标语言的语法结构和成百的词汇。(3)Studentscanimprovetheircomprehensionabilitiesbyrespondingtothelanguagethroughtheirbodylanguage.Thisresponseshoulddirectedbytheplannedorder.Theyrespondaccordingtotheteacher^sordersothattheycanpercept,understandandmasterthelangua5、ge.Someresearchesshowthatstudentscanlearnmostpartofthegrammaticalstructureofthetargetinglanguageandhundredsofvocabularyundertheteacher^sskilleduseoftheorder.(4)允许学生在预先做好准备的情况下发言。教师不应强迫学生发言。学生通过对听到的语言材料的理解,内化了目标语言的认知结构,到一定时候自然会开口说话。(4)Letthestudentspeakwhentheyarew6、ellprepared.Teachersshouldnotenforcethestudenttospeak.Thestudentwillnaturallylipuphisvoicewhentheycomprehendthelanguagematerialsandinternalizethecognitivestructureofthetargetinglanguage*2•教学程序2.Teachingprocedures(1)演示,教师一边发指令,一边做示范动作,学生只做动作,不说话。(1)todemonstrate*Th7、eteacherperformsthedemonstrationactionwhilesendinginstructions.Thestudentdoeswhattheteachertellsthemtodowithoutanytalking.(1)教师只说不做,要求学生按指令做相应的动作。(1)Theteachertellsstudentstodothehomologousactioninsteadofdoingtheaction.(2)教师将新旧指令混在一起发布,同时做示范动作,让学生边听边做。(2)Theteache8、rmixestheoldorderswithnewonesandperformsthedemonstrationactiontomakestudentsdotheactionwhilelistening.(3)教师将新旧指令混在一起发布,不做示范,让学生按指令做动作。(3)Theteachermixes
4、娴熟地运用指令,可以使学生学到大部分目标语言的语法结构和成百的词汇。(3)Studentscanimprovetheircomprehensionabilitiesbyrespondingtothelanguagethroughtheirbodylanguage.Thisresponseshoulddirectedbytheplannedorder.Theyrespondaccordingtotheteacher^sordersothattheycanpercept,understandandmasterthelangua
5、ge.Someresearchesshowthatstudentscanlearnmostpartofthegrammaticalstructureofthetargetinglanguageandhundredsofvocabularyundertheteacher^sskilleduseoftheorder.(4)允许学生在预先做好准备的情况下发言。教师不应强迫学生发言。学生通过对听到的语言材料的理解,内化了目标语言的认知结构,到一定时候自然会开口说话。(4)Letthestudentspeakwhentheyarew
6、ellprepared.Teachersshouldnotenforcethestudenttospeak.Thestudentwillnaturallylipuphisvoicewhentheycomprehendthelanguagematerialsandinternalizethecognitivestructureofthetargetinglanguage*2•教学程序2.Teachingprocedures(1)演示,教师一边发指令,一边做示范动作,学生只做动作,不说话。(1)todemonstrate*Th
7、eteacherperformsthedemonstrationactionwhilesendinginstructions.Thestudentdoeswhattheteachertellsthemtodowithoutanytalking.(1)教师只说不做,要求学生按指令做相应的动作。(1)Theteachertellsstudentstodothehomologousactioninsteadofdoingtheaction.(2)教师将新旧指令混在一起发布,同时做示范动作,让学生边听边做。(2)Theteache
8、rmixestheoldorderswithnewonesandperformsthedemonstrationactiontomakestudentsdotheactionwhilelistening.(3)教师将新旧指令混在一起发布,不做示范,让学生按指令做动作。(3)Theteachermixes
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