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1、405DriverperceptionofsteeringfeelACNewberry1,2*,MJGriffin1,andMDowson21HumanFactorsResearchUnit,UniversityofSouthampton,Southampton,UK2JaguarCarsLtd,UKThemanuscriptwasreceivedon25July2006andwasacceptedafterrevisionforpublicationon4January2007.DOI:10.1243/09544070JAUTO415Abs
2、tract:Steeringfeelisoptimizedatalatestageofvehicledevelopment,usingprototypevehiclesandexpertopinion.Anunderstandingofhumanperceptionmayassistthedevelop-mentofagood‘feel’earlierinthedesignprocess.Threepsychophysicalexperimentshavebeenconductedtoadvanceunderstandingoffacto
3、rscontributingtothefeelofsteeringsys-tems.Thefirstexperiment,whichinvestigatedtheframesofreferencefordescribingthefeel(i.e.hapticproperties)ofasteeringwheel,indicatedthatsubjectsfocusedonthesteadystateforcethattheyappliedtothewheelratherthanthesteadystatetorque,andontheang
4、lethattheyturnedthewheelratherthanthedisplacementoftheirhands.Inasecondexperiment,thresholdsfordetectingchangesinbothsteadystatesteering-wheelforceandsteadystatesteering-wheelangleweredeterminedasabout15percent.Therateofgrowthintheperceptionofsteadystatesteering-wheelforc
5、eandsteadystatesteering-wheelangleweredeterminedusingmagnitudeestimationandmagnitudeproduction.Itwasfoundthat,accordingtoStevens’powerlaw,thesensationofsteadystatesteering-wheelforceincreaseswithapowerof1.39withincreasedforce,whereastheperceptionofsteadystatesteering-whee
6、langleincreaseswithapowerof0.93withincreasedsteering-wheelangle.Theimplicationsforsteeringsystemsarediscussed.Keywords:steeringfeel,proprioceptive,hapticfeedback1INTRODUCTIONwheel(subjecttokinematiclossesthroughthesteer-ingsystem,andsubjecttovariousassistmethodsinDrivinga
7、carisacomplextaskandinvolvesmanysteeringsystems,e.g.hydraulicandelectricpowerinteractionsbetweenthedriverandthevehicleassist)wherethedrivercaninteractwiththemandthroughthevariouscontrols.Goodperformanceofdevelopaninternalmodelofthesteeringpropertiesthesystemdependsonhowwe
8、llacarisabletoandtheenvironment.createthedriver’sintentions,andhowwelldiffer-Therelationshipbetwe
