ZnO粉体制备、烧结和吸附性能研究

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1、ZnO粉体制备、烧结和吸附性能研究中文摘要日前，重金属水污染问题日益严重。寻求无毒和低成本的重金属离子脱除剂对严重的水污染治理尤为重要。众所周知，氧化锌（ZnO）一种难溶于水的无机无毒物质，已在塑料、涂料和气敏器件等方面得到了广泛的应用。然而，有关ZnO在污水中重金属离子的脱除方面研究和报道较少。本文首先采用直接沉淀-煅烧法制备出了ZnO粉体；接着，制备出了ZnO烧结体；最后，对比研究了两种形态和结构的ZnO材料对水中高浓度的Cu2+的吸附特性。取得的主要结论如下：1、多孔性ZnO粉体能快速吸附水中Cu2+。吸附

2、量Freundlich模型，即Cu2+在ZnO粉体上的吸附为多层吸附机理。2、ZnO粉体与Cu2+在水中的相互作用比较复杂，初步认为是水中的Cu2+与ZnO表面的OH-发生化学配位作用。这种配位作用时间短，作用力强。3、ZnO烧结陶瓷对水中Cu2+也有很强的吸附作用，但和ZnO粉体相比，其吸附时间长。饱和吸附量与烧结体的致密度关系不大。4、ZnO烧结体对Cu2+的吸附机理离子扩散机制：即Cu2+通过扩散形式从水中进入到ZnO晶格间隙中。而有关这部分内容还有待进一步深入研究。关键词：ZnO粉体；微结构；烧结；吸附F

3、abricationandAbsorptionPropertiesofPowderyandSinteredZnO27AbstractRecently,heavymetalpollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.Itisparticularlyimportantforcontrolofseriouswaterpollutionthatsearchingfornon-toxicandlowcostofheavymetalionsremovalagent.Aseveryoneknows,zi

4、ncoxide,awater-insolubleinorganicnon-toxicsubstances,hasbeenwidelyusedintheplastics,coatingsandthegassensingdeviceandotheraspects.However,theZnOintheremovalofheavymetalionsinwastewaterresearchandreportedless.However,theresearchesandreportsaboutZnOremovalofhea

5、vymetalionsinthewastewater.Firstly,it’spreparedZnObydirectprecipitation-calcinedpowder.Then,preparationofZnOsinteredbody.Finally,comparativestudyoftwokindsofmorphologyandstructureofZnOmaterialsonhighconcentrationsofCu2+adsorptioncharacteristics.Themainconclus

6、ionsareasfollows:1、PorousZnOpowdercanrapidadsorptionofCu2+.AdsorptionquantityFreundlichmodel，thatisZnOpowderonCu2+adsorptionismultilayeradsorption.2、ZnOpowderisinteractioncomplexwithCu2+inwater,it’spreliminarythinkthatCu2+inwaterproduceschemicalcomplexationwi

7、thOH-onsurfaceofZnO.Thecomplexingreactionisshortandpowerful.3、ZnOsinteredceramicshastheverystrongadsorptiononCu2+inwater,but,comparedtoZnOpowder：thetimeofadsorptionislonger.Relationshipbetweensaturatedadsorptionamountandsintereddensityislittle.4、Themechanismo

8、fZnOsinteringbodyadsorbentsCu2+,iondiffusionmechanism:Cu2+removesfromthewaterintoZnOgapsinthegridbydiffusion.However,thispartofthecontentstobefurtherin-depthstudy.Keywords：ZnOpowder，Micro