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ID:39011268
大小:270.01 KB
页数:45页
时间:2019-06-23
《《社会研究方法》艾尔巴比英文pptCh2》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Chapter2Paradigms,Theory,AndResearchChapterOutlineIntroductionSomeSocialScienceParadigmsElementsofSocialTheoryTwoLogicalSystemsRevisitedDeductiveTheoryConstructionInductiveTheoryConstructionTheLinksBetweenTheoryandResearchTheoryandResearchTheoryfunctionsthreewaysinresearch:Theoriespreventourbein
2、gtakeninbyflukes.Theoriesmakesenseofobservedpatternsinwaysthatcansuggestotherpossibilities.Theoriescandirectresearchefforts,pointingtowardlikelydiscoveriesthroughempiricalobservation.QuestionWhichofthefollowingdotheoriesseektoprovide?personalexperiencediscoverycorrelationslogicalexplanationsAnsw
3、er:DTheoriesseektoprovidelogicalexplanations.ParadigmsAmodelorframeworkforobservationandunderstanding,whichshapesbothwhatweseeandhowweunderstandit.Theconflictparadigmcausesustoseesocialbehavioroneway,theinteractionistparadigmcausesustoseeitdifferently.Wecanseenewwaysofseeingandexplainingthingswh
4、enwestepoutsideourparadigm.SocialScienceParadigms:MacrotheoryMacrotheorydealswithlarge,aggregateentitiesofsocietyorwholesocieties.Strugglebetweeneconomicclasses,internationalrelationsSocialScienceParadigms:MicrotheoryMicrotheorydealswithissuesatthelevelofindividualsandsmallgroups.Datingbehavior,
5、jurydeliberations,studentfacultyinteractionsSocialScienceParadigms:SocialDarwinismComte’sviewthatsciencewouldreplacereligionandmetaphysicsbybasingknowledgeonobservations.Comtecoinedpositivism,incontrasttowhatheregardedasnegativeelementsintheEnlightenment.SocialScienceParadigms:ConflictMarxsugges
6、tedsocialbehaviorcouldbeseenastheprocessofconflict:Attempttodominateothers.Attempttoavoiddomination.SocialScienceParadigms:SymbolicInteractionismInteractionsrevolvearoundindividualsreachingunderstandingthroughlanguageandothersystems.Canlendinsightsintothenatureofinteractionsinordinarysociallife.
7、SocialScienceParadigms:EthnomethodologyPeoplearecontinuouslytryingtomakesenseofthelifetheyexperience.Onetechniqueistobreaktherulesandviolatepeople’sexpectations.SocialScienceParadigms:StructuralFunctionalismAsocialentity,suc
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