Architecture古希腊古罗马建筑英

《Architecture古希腊古罗马建筑英》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、ABriefintroductionofancientGreek&RomanArchitectureAncientGreekArchitecture(BC800-AD300)Specificdimensionalcomposition特定的平面构成Mostofthearchitecturesarerectangular(onascaleof1:1.618or1:2)inshape,essentiallyconsistedofahallsurroundedbycolumns.（平面构成为1:1.618或

2、1:2的矩形，中央是厅堂，大殿，周围是柱子，可统称为环柱式建筑））2.Threefamouskindsofcolumns/orders(柱式）:3.Decorationofdepiment(山花墙装饰）CorinthianColumn（科林斯式）IonicColumn（爱奥尼克式）DoricColumn（陶立克）陶立克柱式形态简洁，其柱高是直径的6倍，雄健威武，向征男性美；爱奥尼柱式纤巧修长，柱高是直径的8~9倍，柱头用卷涡装饰，富有曲线美，象征女性美。科林斯柱式形态更复杂、更修长，上部是藤蔓似的卷涡

3、，下面是曼妙的花纹，更具女性美。TheDonicstyleissimpleanditrevealsthemales’strength.LincolnMemorialisintheformofaGreekDorictemple.林肯纪念堂Itisalwaysdecoratedwithspiral（螺旋形的）orvolute（涡形的）ornaments.It’sslimandmuchmorelikeagentleandgracefulyounglady.TempleofAthenaNike胜利女神神庙Io

4、nic式女神廊柱（Erechtheion伊瑞克提翁神庙）Pediment（山花墙）Greektemplewithapediment(Sicily)Greektemplewithapediment(Sicily)Thepediment（山花墙）isthetriangularplaceundertheroofofaGreektemple.Eachtemplehastwo,oneonthefrontandoneontheback.Atfirstpedimentswereprobablyplain,butso

5、ontheGreeksbegantodecoratepedimentswithstonesculpture.Oneoftheearliestpediments,onthetempleofArtemisontheislandofCorfu,hasascaryMedusaonit.LaterGreeksculptorsputwholescenesonpediments,usuallyoneexcitingpartofawell-knownmyth.TempleofArtemis,Corfu(ca.580B

6、C)TempleofAphaeaatAegina(ShowstheTrojanWar)TheParthenon（帕特农神庙）hasthestoryofthebirthofAthenaononeside,andthestoryofAthenaandPoseidonfightingtobethemaingodofAthensontheotherside.TheParthenon（帕特农神庙）AncientRomanArchitecture(BC300-AD365)AncientRomanarchitect

7、ureadoptedcertainaspectsofAncientGreekarchitecture,butitdidcreatedlotsofnewarchitecturalstyles.ThefivemainachievementsofAncientRomanarchitecture1.AncientRomanAqueducts(渡槽)2.Pantheon万神庙3.Publicbaths罗马公共浴场4.Colosseum圆形大剧场5.SquareTheRomansconstructedaquedu

8、ctstobringaconstantflowofwaterfromdistantsourcesintocitiesandtowns,supplyingpublicbaths,toilets,fountainsandprivatehouseholds.Wastewaterwasremovedbythesewagesystemsandreleasedintonearbybodiesofwater,keepingthetownscleanandfreefro