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1、Statistic名词解释1.Data:Whichisdefinedasagroupofgivens,ormeasurements,relatedtoanysubjectweareinterestedinstudy.2.DescriptiveStatistic:Methodsoforganizing,summarizing,andpresentingdateinaninformativeway.3.InferentialStatistic:Decision,estimate,prediction,orgeneralizationaboutapopulation,basedonasa
2、mple.4.Population:thesetofdatacorrespondingto(与之相符)theentirecollectionofunitsaboutwhichinformationissought(寻求).5.Sample:Aportion,orpart,ofthepopulationofinterest.6.Qualitative/Attributesymbol/variable:indicates(指出)theattributivecharacteristicsoftheelementofthepopulation.7.Quantitativesymbol/va
3、riable:indicatesthequantitativecharacteristicsoftheunits.8.Attributepopulation:Apopulationcomprised(由…组成)bythesamequalitativesymboliscalledanattribute(标志)population.9.Variablepopulation:Apopulationmadeupbythesamequantitativesymboliscalledavariablepopulation10.Nominalleveldata:Datathatisclassif
4、iedintocategoriesandcannotbearranged(排列)inanyparticularorder.Nominaldataarenumbersthatmerelyindicatenameorlabeldifferencesinkind.Suchasgender,eyecolorandreligiousapplication.Mutuallyexclusive(互斥的):Aproperty(性质)ofasetofcategories(种类)suchthatanindividualorobject(物体)isincludedinonlyonecategory.Ex
5、haustive(无遗漏的):Apropertyofasetofcategoriessuchthateachindividualorobjectmustappearinacategory..11.Ordinalleveldata:involvesdataarrangedinsomeorder/rank,butthedifferencesbetweendatavaluescannotbedetermined(确定)oraremeaningless.Suchasjobclass,productqualityratingsanddegreesofagreement.12.Interval
6、level:Similartotheordinallevel,withtheadditionalproperty(性质)thatmeaningfulamountsofdifferencesbetweendatavaluescanbedetermined.Thereisnonaturalzeropoint.Itpermitsadditionandsubtraction(增加和减少)Suchastemperature,IQscores13.Ratiolevel:theintervallevelwithaninherent(固有的)zerostartingpoint.Difference
7、sandratiosaremeaningfulforthislevelofmeasurement.Suchasheight(0isthelowerlimit,and6istwiceastallas3feet),totalChina’sinvestment,totalconsumption,speed,andannualsales.Alltypesofarithmeticoperationscanbeperformedwithsuchdatabecausethesenu
