Describing Fractal Processes with UML

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1、DescribingFractalProcesseswithUMLHaraldSt•orrleLudwig-Maximilians-Universit•atM•unchenstoerrle@informatik.uni-muenchen.deAbstract.Component-basedsoftwarehasaself-similarstructureoneachlevelofabstraction,i.e.itsstructureisfractal.Traditionalsoftwarepro

2、cesses,however,havealinearoriteratedstructure,andarethusnotverywellsuitedforcomponent-basedsoftwaredevelopment.Here,pro-cessesdescribedbylanguagesofpatternstbetter.Toensureageneralunderstandingandeasyapplicabilityofprocessespatterns,Iproposeto(1)buil

3、donthewellknowndescriptionschemesfortraditionalproductpatternsandadaptthemtothesoftwarepro-cessdomain;and(2)usethedescriptiontechniquesandnotionsoftheUniedModelingLanguage(UML)isthelinguafrancaofthesoftwareengineeringcommunity".Someadaptationsandext

4、ensionsbecomenec-essarytobothofthese,however,andcarehastobetakennottoimpedethegoalofuniversalunderstandability.1Introduction1.1MotivationWork owsconcerningsoftwareprocesseshavebeendescribedinavarietyoffor-malismsandstyles(seee.g.[17]forasurvey).Today,

5、someessentialrequirementsarestillnotadequatelyaddressedbymanyofthem.UnderstandabilityPractitionersexplicitlyaskforwell-structured"processmodelsthatareeasytounderstandandeasytoapply"(cf.requirements2and3in[19]).Thevastmajorityoftraditionalprocessesli

6、ketheUniedProcess"(UP,cf.[15]),however,areratherbigsetsofdocumentsthattakealotofexperiencetounderstandandapplyproperly.FlexibilityManydevelopersfeelthattheircreativityissti edbytoorigidadevelopmentprocess.Infact,somewouldargue,thatthisisexactlythepu

7、rpose.Anyway,enforcingaprocessissometimesadicultmanagerialtask,andtherearecircumstanceswheretraditional(largescale)processesjustaren'tappropriate,asisshownbytherecentlysoaringinterestinsocalledlightweightprocesseslikeextremeprogramming".PrecisionOnt

8、heotherhand,adevelopmentprocessmustbeformalenoughtoallowforautomaticenactmentandformalanalysis,atleastinselectedplaces.Ideally,thiswouldbecombinedwiththepreviousrequirementtoachieveakindofcontrolledandgradedformalityoftheprocess.Fractalstructu