3、越大,减阻效应越明显。盐度层化减阻的机理可以解释为,考虑盐度的垂向紊动系数和紊动动能远小于不考虑盐度的情况。盐度层化的减阻效应是由于层化有效抑制了紊动,水流垂向掺混变弱,能量耗散减弱,剪切流发育,宏观上达到了减阻的效果。就盐度层化引起减阻的影响因素而言,潮差对减阻效应的影响为:潮差越大,层化的减阻效应的强度和范围越小。径流量对减阻效应的影响为:径流量越大,层化的减阻效应的强度越大,且减阻的范围向外海移动。关键词:盐度层化;减阻;理想河口;FVCOMIABSTRACTA numerical modelling i
4、nvestigationbased on FVCOMwasconducted for an idealized semi-closedpartially mixedestuary.The scenarios with and without salinity were compared to analyse the effect of salinitystratificationon water flow.T The effect of tide amplitude and river runoff on th
5、e dragreductionwas also studied.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows.The influence of salinity stratificationon the hydrodynamic dynamicsis embodied in three aspects: the vertical average velocity, the velocity profile and the friction character
6、istic.The vertically averagedvelocity is increased by the salinity stratificationand the change of flow velocitylagsbehind.During most of the timein a tideperiod, the flowvelocitynear bottom decreasesand flowvelocitynear surfaceincreasesbecause of the existe
7、nce of salinity stratification. The velocity shows a reasonable estuarinecirculationinduced by theexistence of salt wedgebefore and after the ebb in some stations, while there is nocirculation in the case without considering salinity stratification there is
8、nocirculation. Besides, the roughness lengthand friction velocityare both reduced bythe salinitystratificationexcept when there is estuarinecirculation. As forspatialdistribution, the delay of v