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ID:36544731
大小:4.25 MB
页数:128页
时间:2019-05-11
《大气颗粒物上多环芳烃源解析的研究》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、南开大学博士学位论文大气颗粒物上多环芳烃源解析的研究姓名:朱先磊申请学位级别:博士专业:环境化学指导教师:朱坦2001.5.1《大气颗粒物上多环芳烃源解析的研究》提要f侈环芳烃是一类重要的环境致癌物,其中有代表性的苯并(a)芘已被列入我倡《环境空气质量标准(GB3095-1996)中,为了保护人体健康,有效控制环境空气中多环芳烃污染,明确其来源和各来源的贡献率是很关键的。,”论文对利用化学质量平衡(CMB)受体模型进行大气颗粒物上多环芳烃源解析进行了方法学研究。建立了燃煤、焦化厂、机动车、石油沥青、土壤风沙尘、扬尘和烹调共7类多环芳烃污染源成分谱;提出了将大气
2、颗粒物源解析与多环芳烃源解析相结合的方法。来校正因多环芳烃降解而在污染源和受体之间发生的质量变化;根据多环芳烃存在特点,建立了用多环芳烃归一化浓度代替实测浓度进行拟台计算的模型。在此基础上,利用CMB受体模型系统地解析了华北地区某些有代表性城市(区)大气颗粒物上多环芳烃的来源,并分析了能源结构、季节和颗粒物粒径对多环芳烃来源特征的影响。关键词:大气颗粒物、多环芳烃、源解析、化学质量平衡《cMB扩蔓体模型/\∥\/ABSTRACToFTHEDISSERTATloNStudyonSourceApportionmentofPolycyclicAromaticHydr
3、ocarbons(PAHs)onAirborneParticulateByZhuXianleiMajor:EnvironmentalScienceWrittenunderthedirectionofProfessorZhuTauPolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs)areagroupofcompoundscomposedoftwoormorefusedaromaticrings.SomeofthesePAHsareconsideredtobepossibleorprobablehumancarcinogens,andhence
4、theirdistributioninenvironmentandpossibleexposuretohumanhavebeenthefocusofmuchattention.TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)oftheUnitedStateshasfixed16PAHs船prioritypollutants.thelatestbeingeffectivefrom1997.Thesecompoundsareasfollows:naphthalene,acenaphthylene,aeenapphthene,fiuoren
5、e,phenanthrene,anthracene,fluoranthene,pyrene,duTsene,benzo(a)anthracene,benzo(b)fluoranthene,benzoq:k)fluoranthene,benzo(a)pyrene,indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene,benzcKg,h,i)peryleneanddibenzo(a,h)anthracene.Moreover,theStateEnvimnmentalProjectionAdministrationofChinaalsoincludebenzo(a)pyr
6、enewithlimitofO.olug/m3inAmbientAirQuailtyStandard(GB3095-1996).PAHsareintroducedintotheenvironmentvianaturalandanthropogeniccombustionprocesses.VolcaniceruptionsandforestandpraldefiresareamongthemajorsourcesofnaturallyproducedPAHs.However,anthropogenicactivitieshavedraraaticallyinc
7、reasedthequantityofPAHsinenvironment,埘t11themajorityemittedfromautomobiles,cokingplants,曲phaltproduction,andmanufacturingfacilitiesthatusefossilfuels.Tounderstandtherelationshipbetweensourcesofairpollutionandobservedairquality,avarietyofeffortsincludingdevelopmentofthechemicalnmsbal
8、ancercrcm)receptorm
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