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1、©DavidWoolley/GettyImages7MemorychapterMODULE7.1WorkingMemoryMODULE7.2MODULE7.3TypesofMemoryInClosing:VarietiesofEncoding,Storage,andForgettingEbbinghaus’sPioneeringMemoryRetrievalRetrievalandInterferenceStudiesofMemorySummaryEncodingAControversy:“Recovere
2、dMethodsofTestingMemoryKeyTermsTheTimingofStudyMemories”or“FalseApplication:SuspectLineupsAnswerstoOtherQuestionSessionsMemories”?asRecognitionMemoryintheModuleTheSPARMethodAmnesiaChildrenasEyewitnessesMnemonicDevicesInClosing:MemoryLossTheInformation-Proc
3、essingStorageandDistortionViewofMemoryRetrievalSummaryInClosing:ImprovingYourKeyTermsMemoryExplorationandStudySummaryKeyTermsAnswerstoOtherQuestionsintheModule23310762_07_Ch07_233-271.indd23310/22/093:28:00PMConsiderThis:SupposeIofferyou—foraprice—anopport
4、u-nitytodoabsolutelyanythingyouwantforaday.Youwillnotbelimitedbytheusualphysicalconstraints.Youcantravelinaflashandvisitasmanyplacesasyouwish,evenouterspace.Youcantravelforwardandbackwardthroughtime,findingoutwhatthefutureholdsandwitnessingthegreateventsof
5、thepast.(Youwillnotbeabletoalterhistory.)Anythingyouwanttodo—justnameitanditisyours.Furthermore,Iguaranteeyoursafety:Nomatterwhereyouchoosetogoorwhatyouchoosetodo,youwillnotgethurt.Howmuchwouldyoupayforthisonceinalifetimeopportunity?Oh,yes,Ishouldmention,t
6、hereisonecatch.Whenthedayisover,youwillcompletelyforgeteverythingthathappened.Anynotesorphotoswillvan-ish.Andanyoneelsewhotakespartinyourspecialdaywillforgetit,too.Nowhowmuchwouldyoubewillingtopay?Muchless,nodoubt,andperhapsnothing.Livingwithoutremembering
7、ishardlylivingatall:Ourmemoriesarealmostthesameasourselves.©AP/WideWorldPhotosWithasuitablereminder,youremembersomeeventsdistinctly,evenafteralongdelay.Othermemoriesarelostordistorted.23410762_07_Ch07_233-271.indd23410/22/093:28:06PMmodule7.1TypesofMemory•
8、Dowehavedifferentkindsofmemory?•Ifso,whatisthebestwaytodescribethosedifferences?Everyyear,peoplecompeteintheWorldMemoryChampionshipinBritain.EBBINGHAUS’SPIONEERING(Youcanreadaboutitattheirwebsite;thislinkcanb
