&ampamp;amp;Optimal battery ultracapacitor storage combination.pdf

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1、Availableonlineatwww.sciencedirect.comJournalofPowerSources179(2008)417423Optimalbattery/ultracapacitorstoragecombinationWilliamHenson∗UniversityofMassachusetts,MechanicalandIndustrialEngineeringDepartment,RenewableEnergyResearchLaboratory,UnitedStatesReceived12October2007;rece

2、ivedinrevisedform17December2007;accepted18December2007Availableonline4January2008AbstractAsimple,globalmodelfortheoptimalcombinationofultracapacitorandbatteryforelectricalenergystorageisdeveloped.Thegoalforthishybridstoragetechnologyistoreducethesystemlife-cyclecostbymakinguseo

3、fanultracapacitorsclaimedlongcycling-lifeinordertosupplementrelativelycheap,butcycle-limitedbatterystorage.Themodelisbuiltupoftwoindependentsub-modelsthatallowflexibilityintherelativeproportionofsystemenergystorage.Ananalysisperformedinthispaperindicatesthatultracapacitor/batter

4、ystoragesystemsmaybecosteffectiveforhigh-cycleapplications.©2008ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Short-termstorage;Optimalcombination;Powersmoothing1.Introductioninstance,pumpedhydrostorageisparticularlywell-suitedforreducingvariabilityinthehours-to-daystime-frameforveryR

5、enewableenergysystemsthatmakeuseoffluctuatinglargeamountsofenergy,whilebatteriesaremorewellsuitedforprime-movers(e.g.windpower)producepowerthatalsofluctu-thesecondtohourtime-frameformuchmoremodestamountsatesonseveraltime-scales.Forawindpowersystem,time-scaleofenergy.Itmaybebenefic

6、ialtocombinestoragetechnologiesfluctuationsrangefromtheslowest,suchasfluctuationsovertheintosystemsthatalloweachspecifictechnologytoconcentratecourseofseveralyears(e.g.ElNinoeffects),toseasonalvari-onitsbestfitoftime-scaleandenergy-scale,therebycreatingations(e.g.insomeareasthewind

7、blowsstrongerandmoreastoragesystemthatcandealmoreeffectivelywithvariationsconsistentlyintheWinter),toshorttime-scalefluctuationsonfrompowersources.Besidespowersourcesmoothing,awell-theorderofsecondsuptoanhour.Thoughthegrid-connectedmatchedstoragesystemcouldalsobeusefulinavariety

8、ofotherloadalsovaries;inmanycases,itisdesirabletosmoot