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1、www.wendu.com 韩苏:2014考研英语阅读每日一篇(8)2014考研我们来了,改变,无论是未来,或是命运,都是从现在的坚持开始,除了激情,耐力和体力,也必不可缺,当然转发的和下载做题的,呵呵,都是强人…呵呵。点击,开始你的阅读吧!2014考研,我们通行。Unit2学习能力Text4正文Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviourisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledrememberin
2、g.Learningcouldnotoccurwithoutthefunctionpopularlynamedmemory.Constantpracticehassuchaseffectonmemoryastoleadtoskillfulperformanceonthepiano,torecitationofapoem,andeventoreadingandunderstandingthesewords.So-calledintelligentbehaviourdemandsmemory,rememberingbein
3、gaprimaryrequirementforreasoning.Theabilitytosolveanyproblemoreventorecognizethataproblemexistsdependsonmemory.Typically,thedecisiontocrossastreetisbasedonrememberingmanyearlierexperiences.Practice(orreview)tendstobuildandmaintainmemoryforataskorforanylearnedmat
4、erial.Overaperiodofnopracticewhathasbeenlearnedtendstobeforgotten;andtheadaptiveconsequencesmaynotseemobvious.Yet,dramaticinstancesofsuddenforgettingcanbeseentobeadaptive.Inthissense,theabilitytoforgetcanbeinterpretedtohavesurvivedthroughaprocessofnaturalselecti
5、oninanimals.Indeed,whenone’smemoryofanemotionallypainfulexperienceleadstoseriousanxiety,forgettingmayproducerelief.www.wendu.comNevertheless,anevolutionaryinterpretationmightmakeitdifficulttounderstandhowthecommonlygradualprocessofforgettingsurvivednaturalselect
6、ion.Inthinkingabouttheevolutionofmemorytogetherwithallitspossibleaspects,itishelpfultoconsiderwhatwouldhappenifmemoriesfailedtofade.Forgettingclearlyaidsorientationintime,sinceoldmemoriesweakenandthenewtendtostandout,providingcluesforinferringduration.Withoutfor
7、getting,adaptiveabilitywouldsuffer,forexample,learnedbehaviourthatmighthavebeencorrectadecadeagomaynolongerbe.Casesarerecordedofpeoplewho(byordinarystandards)forgotsolittlethattheireverydayactivitieswerefullofconfusion.Thisforgettingseemstoservethatsurvivalofthe
8、individualandthespecies.Anotherlineofthoughtassumesamemorystoragesystemoflimitedcapacitythatprovidesadaptiveflexibilityspecificallythroughforgetting.Inthisview,contin