《有机方程式》ppt课件

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1、CH4+2O2CO2+2H2O点燃隔绝空气：CH4C+2H2高温CH4+Cl2CH3Cl+HCl光照CH3Cl+Cl2CH2Cl2+HCl光照CH2Cl2+Cl2CHCl3+HCl光照CHCl3+Cl2CCl4+HCl光照CH3COONa+NaOHCH4↑+Na2CO3CaOCnH2n+2+O2nCO2+(n+1)H2O点燃C2H4+3O22CO2+2H2O点燃CH2=CH2+Br2CH2Br-CH2BrCH2=CH2+H2CH3-CH3催化剂催化剂CH2=CH2+HClCH3-CH2-Cl催化剂

2、CH2=CH2+H2OCH3-CH2-OHnCH2=CH2[CH2—CH2]n一定条件nCF2=CF2[CF2—CF2]n一定条件nCH2=CHCl一定条件ClCH2CHnCnH2n+O2nCO2+nH2O点燃23nCH2—CH2HOH浓硫酸170ºCCH2=CH2+H2OCH3CH=CH2+Br2CH3CHBrCH2BrCH3CH=CH2+HClCH3CH2CH2Cl或CH3CHClCH3催化剂BrBrCHCH+Br2CH=CHCHCH+2Br2CH—CHBrBrBrBrCHCH+H2CH2=

3、CH2催化剂CHCH+2H2CH3-CH3催化剂CHCH+HClCH2=CHCl催化剂nCHCH一定条件CH=CHnCaC2+2H2O→CHCH+Ca(OH)2CaO+3CCaC2+CO2500~3000C电炉2C6H6+15O2点燃12CO2+6H2O+3H2催化剂△Fe+Br2Br+HBrBr2+2NaOHNaBr+NaBrO+H2O+HNO3浓硫酸NO2+H2O（苯磺酸）+H2SO470℃~80℃SO3H+H2OKMnO4（H+）RCOOH（苯甲酸）+3H2CH3Ni△CH3+3H

4、NO3浓硫酸+3H2OCH3O2NNO2NO2三硝基甲苯（TNT）2CH3CH2OH+2Na→2CH3CH2ONa+H2↑C2H5OH+HOC2H5C2H5OC2H5+H2O浓H2SO4140ºCC2H5OH+3O22CO2+3H2O点燃CH3—C—O—H+CuOCH3—C—H+Cu+H2OHHO乙醛2CH3CH2OH+O22CH3CH+2H2OCu或Ag乙醛OCH3CH2OHCH3CHOCH3COOH氧化氧化乙醇乙醛乙酸(C6H10O5)n+nH2OnC6H12O6淀粉葡萄糖催化剂C6H12O62C2H

5、5OH+2CO2催化剂加热加压催化剂CH2=CH2+H2OCH3CH2OHCH3COOHCH3COO-+H+CH3-C-OH+H-O-C2H5CH3-C-O-C2H5+H2O浓H2SO４OOCH3—C—OH+H—O—C2H5CH3—C—O—C2H5+H2O浓H2SO4==OO浓H2SO4OOCH3—C—O—H+HO—C2H5CH3—C—O—C2H5+H2OCH3COH+H18OC2H5浓H2SO4=OCH3C18OC2H5+H2O=OCH3COOH+HOCH3浓H2SO４CH3COOCH3+H2OHCO

6、OH+CH3CH2OH浓H2SO４HCOOCH2CH3+H2OC2H5OH+HO—NO2浓H2SO４C2H5O—NO2+H2OCH2OHCHOH+3HO—NO2CH2OH浓H2SO４CH2O—NO2CHO—NO2+3H2OCH2O—NO2R1—C—O—R2O

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8、＋H—OH无机酸或碱R1—CO

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10、—OH＋H—O—R2OOHHC-H+H2HCH2催化剂△HCHO+O2CO2+H2O点燃HCHO+2Cu(OH)2HCOOH+Cu2O+2H2O△HCHO+2Ag(NH3)2OHHCOONH4+3NH3+2Ag

11、+H2O△一水二银三氨OOHCH3C-H+H2CH3CH2催化剂△CH3CHO+5/2O22CO2+2H2O点燃2CH3CHO+O22CH3COOH△催化剂CH3CHO+2Cu(OH)2CH3COOH+Cu2O+2H2O△CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OHCH3COONH4+3NH3+2Ag+H2O△