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《2015年--河海大学研究生英语一unit-4---explicit-and-implicit-moral-education》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、Unit4ExplicitandImplicitMoralEducationImagine a guardsman, from the moment he falls in on parade in the morning until the moment the parade is dismissed, every conscious action he makes is predetermined and controlled. If inadvertently he does something that is not in the schedule, suc
2、h as drop his rifle, he has to cover up the accident by pretending to faint. To do anything other than conform might show originality and inventiveness, but from the point of view of military ethos精神，气质，人的思想，观念 would be immoral. 想象一个卫士，从早上参加的那刻到阅兵解散的那刻,他做的每一个有意识的动作都是受预定和控制的。如果他无意间做了什么计
3、划外的事情，比如像掉了他的步枪，他不得不假装晕倒来掩盖事故。做除了承认以外的任何事情可能展示出独创性和创造性，但是从军队作风观点的角度来看可能是不道德的。 That is an example of a thorough-going全面的，细致的 explicit moral system. In it actions are rigidly divided into right ones and wrong ones, permitted ones and non-permitted ones, and everyone involved accepts this
4、 without question; and to train a participant in such a system is an explicit matter, and the simplest form of behaviour training, provided翻译时放句前 the learners acknowledge the teacher as an unquestionable authority who knows exactly what moral behaviour is. 这是一个全面的显性道德体系的例子。在这个例子里，行动被严格
5、分为正确的和错误的，允许的和不允许的，涉及到的每个人都无条件接受；假设学习者承认教师作为一个不容置疑的权威，一个准确知道什么是道德的权威，则在这样一个体系中培养参与者是一件明确的事，是行为训练最简单的形式。Consider the same guardsman in the evening, in a tavern with a girl. His behaviour is not so rigorously controlled, and he has many choices of action, many decisions to make. In that
6、case, all sorts of pressures are influencing his choice of actions. What his peer group does, what is the custom at the moment in that area, what he thinks the girlfriend will accept or expect, maybe the sort of lifestyle he has seen displayed in television plays, the things he has rea
7、d about in the papers, these are all contributing to his decisions. He has not been instructed explicitly, as in the morning, but he has had a much more diffuse implicit training in behaviour, derived from many sources.考虑同一个卫士，在晚上同一个女孩在一个小酒馆。他的行为是不那么严格地受控制，他有很多的行动选择，很多决定去下。在这种情况下，各种压
