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ID:21650247
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页数:11页
时间:2018-10-23
《杏仁核与创伤后应激障碍发病机制的相关性》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、杏仁核与创伤后应激障碍发病机制的相关性[收稿日期][基金项目]国家自然科学基金(30600341)﹡通讯作者刘婷婷1丁金兰2刘宁宇2石玉秀2﹡(中国医科大学1.九十一期,2.基础医学院组织胚胎学教研室沈阳110001)摘要:创伤后应激障碍(posttraumaticstressdisorder,PTSD)是指由于异常威胁性或灾难性心理创伤导致延迟出现和长期持续的精神障碍。杏仁核是大脑中的“恐惧中枢”,与创伤性记忆和应激时HPA轴的激活联系密切。PTSD患者有强烈的恐惧和惊吓反应;血中糖皮质激素浓度反常低下,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(hypothalami
2、c-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴调节紊乱。杏仁核可通过糖皮质激素受体(glucocorticoidreceptor,GR)和盐皮质激素受体(mineralocorticoidreceptor,MR)调节激活HPA轴,增加糖皮质激素的释放。研究表明:1、PTSD导致杏仁核神经元细胞凋亡,凋亡相关基因Bax和Bcl-2在细胞凋亡的调控中发挥着重要的作用,Bax/Bc-2比值比值增大时,神经细胞出现凋亡。2、PTSD引发杏仁核神经元长时程增强(longtermpotentiation,LTP),杏仁核是恐惧形成和表达的关键中枢。LTP是学习
3、记忆的神经生理基础。在恐惧条件反射的形成过程中,杏仁核发生LTP,表明LTP是反应PTSD发生机制的重要指标。3、PTSD引致乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholine,AChE)活性降低,乙酰胆碱增多,恐惧增强。乙酰胆碱缺乏可引起学习记忆功能低下。4、PTSD导致杏仁核神经元MR、GR及MR/GR发生改变,激活HPA轴,导致HPA轴调节紊乱。提示杏仁核与PTSD密切相关,在PTSD的发病机制中起重要作用。关键词:杏仁核;PTSD;相关性;恐惧;HPA轴;细胞凋亡;LTP;MR;GR;AChETherelationshipofamygdalanucleu
4、sandthepathogenesisofPTSD.LiuTing-Ting1,DingJin-Lan2,LiuNing-Yu2,ShiYu-Xiu2﹡ChinaMedicalUniversity,1.91K2.DepartmentofHistologyandEmbryology,Shenyang110001China[Abstract]Post-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)isananxietydisorderthatcandevelopafterexposuretooneormoretraumaticeventstha
5、tthreatenedorcausedgravephysicalharm.Amygdalanucleusisthebrain's"fearcenter".TraumaticmemoriescloselylinkwiththeactivationofHPAaxisunderstress.PTSDpatientshadastrongsenseoffearandstartleresponse;bloodglucocorticoidconcentrationabnormallow,disorderedhypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
6、(HPA)axis.AmygdalaregulatedtheHPAaxisthroughtheactivationofglucocorticoidreceptor(GR)andmineralocorticoidreceptor(MR)andincreasedthereleaseofglucocorticoid.Studyshowsthat:(1)PTSDinducedtheapoptosisofamygdalaneurons.TheapoptosisrelatedgenesBaxandBcl-2playedanimportantroleinthereg
7、ulationofapoptosis,theapoptosisaccompaniedbytheincreaseofBax/Bc-2ratio.(2)PTSDinducedlong-termpotentiation(LTP)inamygdalaneurons,theamygdalaisthekeyhuboftheexpressandinconformationoffear,LTPisaneurophysiologicalbasisoflearningandmemory.Intheconformationofconditionedfear,theoccur
8、renceofLTPindicatedthatLTPisanimportantindicato
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