世界征服者史eng1a

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1、THEHISTORYOFTHEWORLD-CONQUERORENTHRONEMENTOFOGEDEIFromaveryoldMS.ofRashid-ad-DinintheBibliothequeNationaleTHEHISTORYOFTHEWORLD-CONQUERORlycAla-ad-Din'Ata-MalikJUVAINITranslatedfromthetextofMirzaMuhammadQAZVINIlyJOHNANDREWBOYLE,Ph.D.VOL.IHARVARDUNIVERSITYPRESSCAMBRIDGE,MASSACHUSETTS1958

2、(1958)byMANCHESTERUNIVERSITYPRESSQuotationfromorreprintingofthisworkintheUnitedStatesofAmericaisforbiddenexceptbywrittenpermissionoftheexclusivelicensee,HARVARDUNIVERSITYPRESSUNESCOCOLLECTIONOFREPRESENTATIVEWORKSPERSIANSERIESPublishedinaccordancewithanagreementbetweenUNESCOandtheUniver

3、sityofTehran.IncompliancewiththeregulationsofUNESCO,thistranslationhasbeenrevisedbyProfessorV.MinorskyPrintedinGreatBritainTHISTRANSLATIONISGRATEFULLYDEDICATEDTOMYWIFE,MARGARETELIZABETHFOREWORDWHETHERornottheBiblelegendIstruethatitwasMan'spresumptioninbuildingtheTowerofBabelwhichcaused

4、themultiplicityoflanguagesIntheworld,thepunishmentwasverysevere;anditfallswithespecialseverityuponhistorians.AnyonewhowishestotracethemajoreventsInhistorymustbehimselfanaccomplishedlinguistormustputhisrelianceontranslationsthatareofteninaccurateandoutofdateoronIndirectreferencestoworks

5、thathaveneverbeentranslatedfromtheiroriginaltongue.TheriseandexpansionoftheMongolEmpireareamongthemostimportanteventsoflatermedievalhistory.TherewasbarelyacountryinEuropeorAsiathatwasnotInsomewayaffectedbytheMongolonslaught,andmanyofthemhadtheirwholecoursechangedbyit.Butthehistorianwho

6、attemptstotellItsstoryisfacedwithessentialsourcesinagreaternumberoflanguagesthananyonehumanbeingcanbeexpectedtoknow.Soonerorlaterhehastodependupontranslators,whoseworkswillbeuselesstohimunlesstheyareexact,intelligentandclear.OfthewriterswhohaveleftcontemporaryaccountsoftheMongolsnoneis

7、moreImportantthanJuvaini.Heknewpersonallymanyofthechiefactorsinthedramaticstoriesthathetold.HeenjoyedtheconfidenceoftheH-KhanHiilegu,theMongolconquerorofBaghdad.Hehimselfwasintimatelyconnectedwithoneofthemostintheinterestingepisodesstory,thedestructionoftheheadquartersoftheAssassinsa