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1、高级英语第一册课文翻译9.MarkTwain---MirrorofAmericaNoelGroveMostAmericansrememberMarkTwainasthefatherofHuckFinn'sidylliccruisethrougheternalboyhoodandTomSawyer'sendlesssummeroffreedomandadventure.In-deed,thisnation'sbest-lovedauthorwaseverybitasad-venturous,pat
2、riotic,romantic,andhumorousasanyonehaseverimagined.IfoundanotherTwainaswell–onewhogrewcynical,bitter,saddenedbytheprofoundpersonaltragedieslifedealthim,amanwhobecameobsessedwiththefrailtiesofthehumanrace,whosawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight. Tramppri
3、nter,riverpilot,Confederateguerrilla,prospector,starry-eyedoptimist,acid-tonguedcynic:ThemanwhobecameMarkTwainwasbornSamuelLanghorneClemensandherangedacrossthenationformorethanathirdofhislife,digestingthenewAmericanexperiencebeforesharingitwiththewor
4、ldaswriterandlecturer.Headoptedhispennamefromthecryheardinhissteamboatdays,signalingtwofathoms(12feet)ofwater--anavigabledepth.Hispopularityisattestedbythefactthatmorethanascoreofhisbooksremaininprint,andtranslationsarestillreadaroundtheworld. Thege
5、ographiccore,inTwain'searlyyears,wasthegreatvalleyoftheMississippiRiver,mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart.Keelboats，flatboats,andlargeraftscarriedthefirstmajorcommerce.Lumber,corn,tobacco,wheat,andfursmoveddownstreamtothedeltacountry;
6、sugar,molasses,cotton,andwhiskeytravelednorth.Inthe1850's,beforetheclimaxofwestwardexpansion,thevastbasindrainedthree-quartersofthesettledUnitedStates. YoungMarkTwainenteredthatworldin1857asacubpilotonasteamboat.Thecastofcharacterssetbeforehiminhisn
7、ewprofessionwasrichandvariedacosmos.Heparticipatedabundantlyinthislife,listeningtopilothousetalkoffeuds,piracies,lynchings,medicineshows,andsavagewatersideslums.Allwouldresurfaceinhisbooks,togetherwiththecolorfullanguagethathesoakedupwithamemorythats
8、eemedphonographic Steamboatdecksteemednotonlywiththemaincurrentofpioneeringhumanity,butitsflotsamofhustlers,gamblers,andthugsaswell.FromthemallMarkTwaingainedakeenperceptionofthehumanrace,ofthedifferencebetweenwhatpeopleclaimtobeandwhattheyreallyare
