nutrition for older adults chapter 1313章对老年人的营养

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1、•NutritionforOlderAdultsChapter13•NutritionforAdultsandOlderAdults•Adulthoodrepresentsawideagerangefromyoungadultsat18tothe“oldestold”•Adultsover50,andespeciallythoseover70,havedifferentnutritionalneedsthandoyoungeradults•AgingandOlderAdults•Agingisagradual,inevitable,andcomplexprocess•

2、Eventuallyleadstoimpairmentoforgans,tissues,andbodyfunctioning•Somechangeshavenutritionalimplications•Howandwhyagingoccursisunknown•Mosttheoriesarebasedongeneticorenvironmentalcauses•AgingandOlderAdults(cont’d)•Agingdemographics–Olderadults,especiallythoseolderthan75yearsofage,represent

3、thefastest-growingsegmentoftheAmericanpopulation–Lifeexpectanciesatboth65and85haveincreasedoWomenandmenwholiveto65canexpecttoliveanaverageof18.7moreyearsoForthosewholiveto85:qWomenwillsurviveanaverage7.2yearsmoreqMenwillsurviveanaverage6.1yearsmore•AgingandOlderAdults(cont’d)•Agingdemog

4、raphics(cont’d)–HeterogeneousgroupoVariesinage,maritalstatus,socialbackground,financialstatus,livingarrangements,andhealthstatus–Approximately80%ofadultsolderthan65yearsofagehaveonechronichealthproblem–Peopledefinewellnessandillnessdifferentlyastheyage•AgingandOlderAdults(cont’d)•Health

5、yaging–Geneticandenvironmental“lifeadvantages”havepositiveeffectsonbothlengthandqualityoflife–Preventingdiseaseisthekeytohealthyaging–Goodnutrition–Exercise–Evidenceshowsthatinitiatinghealthychangeseveninone’s60sand70sprovidesdefinitebenefits•AgingandOlderAdults(cont’d)•Nutritionalneeds

6、ofolderadults–Knowledgegrowing–Healthstatus,physiologicfunctioning,physicalactivity,andnutritionalstatusvarymoreamongolderadults(especiallypeopleolderthan70yearsofage)thanamongindividualsinanyotheragegroup–Calorieneedsdecreaseyetvitaminandmineralrequirementsstaythesameorincrease–2DRIgro

7、upingsexistformatureadultsoPeopleaged51to70oAdultsovertheageof70•AgingandOlderAdults(cont’d)•Nutritionalneedsofolderadults(cont’d)–CaloriesoNeedsdecreasewithageoChangesinbodycompositionoPhysicalactivityprogressivelydeclinesoEstimated5%decreaseintotalcalorieneedseachdecadeoUndes