外文翻译-----小额信贷与经济增长对印度经验的思考

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1、原文MicrofinanceandEconomicGrowth–ReflectionsonIndianExperience1.IntroductionAchievingbalancedandinclusiveeconomicgrowthisakeychallengefacedbypolicymakersincountriesaroundtheworld.Thegainsofeconomicgrowthareaccessibletoagreaterextentbytherelativelyadvantaged,whofinditeasiertop

2、articipateinthegrowthprocess.Poorerpeople,whoareseparatedbydistancefromtheurbanareaswhereeconomicactivityisconcentrated,havetowaitmuchlongertoreapthebenefitsofeconomicgrowth.Engagingthesesectionsofsocietyintheeconomicmainstreamisessentialtoachievebalancedgrowth,whichiscritic

3、alforthelong-termsustainabilityofsocialdevelopmentandeconomicprosperity.Accesstofinancialservicesisakeyelementoftheprocessofsocio-economicempowerment.Onlybydeliveringfinancialservicestopeopleinruralareasandlowerincomestratacantheybebroughtwithintheambitofeconomicactivity.Onl

4、ythencanthefullpotentialofthecountry’sphysicalandhumanresourcesberealised.Theruraleconomyrepresentsalargelatentdemandforcredit,savingsandriskmitigationproductslikeinsurance.Governmentsandregulatorstheworldoverhavearticulatedtheexpansionoffinancialservicedeliverytothissegment

5、ofthepopulationasapriorityobjective.2.TheImportanceofFinancialServicesThedeliveryoffinancialservicestolowerincomehouseholdsinruralareas,however,presentsauniquesetofchallenges.Thiscustomersegmenthasahighvolumeoflowvaluetransactionsandrequiresdoorstepservices,flexibilityintimi

6、ngaswellassimpleproceduresanddocumentation.Theserequireasetofskillscompletelydifferentfromthosedeployedbymainstreamfinancialintermediaries.Atthesametime,traditionalmodesofoutreach,likephysicalbranchnetworks,provetobeinappropriatebecauseoftheirhighcosts.Microfinanceisamodelwh

7、ichseekstoprovidefinancialservicestotheruralpopulationinaviableandsustainablemanner.1.MicrofinanceMicrofinanceencompassestheprovisionofabroadrangeofservicessuchasdeposits,loans,paymentservices,moneytransfersandinsuranceproductstopoorandlow-incomehouseholdsandmicroenterprises

8、.Microfinanceallowsreplacementofhigh-costdebtfrominformalsources,therebyinc