气体的临界常数及在水中的溶解度

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1、气体的临界常数包括临界温度、临界压力、临界摩尔体积等。临界温度是指在这个温度之上，无论加多大的压力都不能使气体液化的温度。临界压力是指气体在临界温度之下液化时所需的最低压力。临界摩尔体积是指气体在临界温度、临界压力之下1摩尔的体积，可以由临界密度来计算。    临界温度、临界压力、临界摩尔体积是指共存的气相与液相的密度正好相等时的热力学温度、压力和摩尔体积的值。　 单质气体的临界常数CriticalConstantsofElementarySubstanceGases序号(No.)分子式(Molecularformula)临界温度(Cr

2、iticaltemperature)Tc/℃临界压力(Criticalpressure)pc/(106Pa)临界密度(Criticaldensity)ρc/(g/ml)1Ar-122.44.87340.5332As530.034.651-3Br2311.010.3341.264Cs1806.0-0.445Cl2144.07.70030.5736D2-234.91.65150.6697F2-128.855.21490.5748H2-240.171.29280.03149He-267.960.226950.0698103He-269.840

3、.114490.041411Hg1462.018.946-12I2546.0-1.6413K1950.016.2110.18714Kr-63.85.50160.91915Li2950.068.8970.10516N2-147.03.39420.31317Na2300.035.4620.19818Ne-228.752.75590.48419O2-118.575.04260.43620O3-12.15.57260.5421P721.0--22Ra104.06.2818-23Rb1832.0-0.3424S1041.011.753-25Si-

4、3.54.8430-26Xe16.5835.84001.11无机化合物气体的临界常数CriticalConstantsofInorganicCompoundGases分子式(Molecularformula)临界温度(Criticaltemperature)Tc/℃临界压力(Criticalpressure)pc/(106Pa)临界密度(Criticaldensity)ρc/(g/ml)分子式(Molecularformula)临界温度(Criticaltemperature)Tc/℃临界压力(Criticalpressure)pc/(

5、106Pa)临界密度(Criticaldensity)ρc/(g/ml)空气(Air)-140.63.76910.313HfCl4450.05.77521.05AlBr3356.02.63430.510HgCl2700.0-1.56AlCl3490.02.88760.860NF3-39.24.5290-AsCl3318.0-0.720NH3132.411.2760.235BBr3300.0-0.90NO-93.06.48440.52BCl3178.838.704-NO2158.010.1320.55BF3-12.34.9849-N2F4

6、36.23.7488-B2H616.64.0528-N2H4380.014.691-BiCl3906.011.9551.21N2O36.417.24430.452(CN)21275.9778-PH351.66.5351-CO-140.243.49850.301SF645.543.75890.736CO231.07.37600.468SO2157.67.88370.525COS102.05.87650.44SO3217.88.20690.63GeCl4279.03.85010.65SbCl3521.0-0.84HBr90.08.5514-

7、SiClF334.53.4651-HCl51.58.30820.45SiCl2F295.83.4955-HCN183.65.39020.195SiCl3F165.33.5765-HI150.88.3082-SiCl4234.03.74880.521HF188.06.48440.29SiF4-14.13.7184-H2O373.0922.0470.32SnCl4318.83.74880.742D2O370.821.6620.36TiCl4365.04.66070.56H2S100.08.93640.346UF6232.64.66071.4

8、1H2Se138.03.8501-ZrCl4505.05.76510.730有机化合物气体的临界常数CriticalConstantsofOrganicCompoundGases序号(No.)中文名称(Ch