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1、Evidence(33Qs)Issuesidentifiedinpractice:²Judicialnotice:司法认知Dgenerallyknowninthejurisdictionorcapableofreadyandaccuratedetermination;Dincivilcase,conclusivelyestablished(mandatory);and,incriminal,maybetakenbyjury(discretionary)²Impeachmentbycharacterforuntr
2、uthfulness(reputation/opinion,badact,priorconviction)àrehabilitation²Incivilfraudcase,priorfraudispermittedeitherforcharacterevidence(??)orforprovingintent²Businessrecords:judgemayexcludebusinessrecordsif(i)sourceofinformationlackstruthfulness,(ii)nofirst-ha
3、ndknowledge,(iii)purposedtoprovewhathappenedornot(forpotentiallitigation)(note:thisitem(iii)isokayinNY)²Dyingdeclaration:incriminalcase,victimmustdiebecausedyingdeclarationisadmissibleonlyinhomicidecase(ifvictimisnotdead,nohomicidecase).Watchforattemptedmurd
4、erMiniReview:1.Characterevidence²Criminalcase:(1)Prosecutorcan’tintroducebadcharacterforthepurposeofprovingactioninconformitywithcharacter;(2)Disallowedtointroducegoodcharactertoproveheactedinconformitywithgoodcharacter;(3)IfDprovidedgoodcharacterevidence,Pr
5、osecutorisallowedtoshowbadcharacterevidence(reputationandopinion)andcross-examinationofcharacterwitnessbymeansofintrinsicevidenceof“specificact”(4)Evidenceofothercrimesareinadmissibleforconformitypurpose,butlikelyadmissibleforMIMICpurpose;(5)IfDtakesthestand
6、,PmayimpeachDwithcharacterevidenceofuntruthfulness.²Civilcase:(1)Youcan’tintroducecharacterevidencetoshowconformity;(2)Characterevidencemaybeintroducedforotherpurposes,suchasnegligenthiring/entrustment,defamation,fraud,andMIMIC…;(3)Watchforthedifferencebetwe
7、encharacterevidenceandhabitevidence.2.Impeachment²PriorinconsistentstatementDExtrinsicevidenceallowedDImpeachedwitnessmustbegivenopportunitytocomment,beforeoraftertheofferofsuchextrinsicevidence²BiasDExtrinsicevidenceallowedDWitnessmustbecross-examinedforthe
8、factsshowingbias/interestpriortointroductionofextrinsicevidence²Priorcrimeconviction(10yearslimitationforFRE)DInvolvingdishonesty/falsestatementDOtherfelonyàbalancetestDExtrinsicevidencebymeanso
