2014年全国职称英语考试 通关必备利器 理工类a级教材 牛津英语同义词字典版

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1、microscopicmess9ClimateChangePosesMajorRisksforUnpreparedCitiesAnewexaminationofurbanpolicieshasbeencarriedoutrecentlybyPatriciaRomeroLankao.Sheisasociologistspecializinginclimatechangeandurbandevelopment.Shewarnsthatmanyoftheworld’sfast-growingurbanareas,especiallyindevelopingcountries,willlikely1s

2、ufferfromtheimpactsofchangingclimate.Herworkalsoconcludesthatmostcitiesarefailingtoreduceemissionsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases.Thesegasesareknowntoaffecttheatmosphere.“Climatechangeisadeeplylocalissueandposesprofoundthreatstothegrowingcitiesoftheworld,”saysRomeroLankao.“Buttoofewcitiesared

3、evelopingeffectivestrategiestoprotecttheirresidents.”Citiesaremajorsourcesofgreenhousegases.Andurbanpopulationsarelikelytobeamongthosemostseverelyaffectedbyfutureclimatechange.Lankao’sfindings3highlightwaysinwhichcity-residentsareparticularlyvulnerable,andsuggestpolicyinterventionsthatcouldofferimme

4、diateandlonger-termbenefitsThelocationsanddenseconstructionpatternsofcitiesoftenplacetheirpopulationsatgreaterriskfornaturaldisasters.Potentialthreatsassociatedwithclimateincludestormsurgesandprolongedhotweather.Stormsurgescanfloodcoastalareasandprolongedhotweathercanheatheavilypavedcitiesmorethansu

5、rroundingareas.Theimpactsofsuchnaturaleventscanbemoreseriousinanurbanenvironment.Forexample,aprolongedheatwavecanincreaseexistinglevelsofairpollution,causingwidespreadhealthproblems.Poorerneighborhoodsthatmaylackbasicfacilitiessuchasdrinkingwateroradependablenetworkofroads,areespeciallyvulnerableton

6、aturaldisasters.Manyresidentsinpoorercountriesliveinsubstandardhousingwithoutaccesstoreliabledrinkingwater,roadsandbasicservices.Localgovernments,therefore,shouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheirresidents.“Unfortunately,theytendtomovetowardsrhetoricratherthanmeaningfulresponses,”RomeroLankaowrites.“Theydon

7、’timposeconstructionstandardsthatcouldreduceheatingandairconditioningneeds.Theydon’temphasizemasstransitandreduceautomobile,use.Infact,manylocalgovernmentsaretakingahands-offapproach.”Thus,sheurgesthe