上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2021-2022学年高一下学期3月阶段反馈英语Word版含解析

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华东师大二附中2021学年高一第二学期3月阶段性测试英语试卷（考试时间：100分钟卷面满分：100分）第I卷I.ListeningComprehension15%SectionA5%Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atahospitalward.B.Atabank.C.AtaParent-Teachermeeting.D.Atagarage.2.A.Dosomewashing.B.Dosomeironing.C.Throwingawaytherubbish.D.Preparingforthedinner.3.A.$6.B.$12.C.$8.D.$16.4.A.Banktellerandclient.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.CustomerandshopassistantD.Ticketcollectorandpassenger.5.A.Hethankedthewomanfortheprinter.B.Hecomplainedabouttheremotework.C.Heencouragedwomantobuyanewprinter.D.Hewasboredwithprintingthedocumentsoutside.6.A.Heisoverloadedwithhiswork.B.Hehasn'tfinishedthefoodontheplate.C.Heisalmostdrownedinthewater.D.Hewillhavealongbreakafterthework.7.A.Hewasgiftedinalotoffields.B.Hefiledfordivorceinthelocalcourt.C.Hefellinlovewithhiswifeonthecourt.D.Hefeltdisappointedathisinvestmentinthefilm8.A.Helovesdoingoutdoorsports.B.Heisfedupwiththeworkoutathome.C.Heisafraidofthespreadofdeadlyvirus.D.Hebelievesthebreakisatimeforimprovement.9.A.Itisaffordableforeveryfamily.B.Itispopularforitsfreedelivery.C.ItcanbeonlyboughtonAmazon.D.Itishighlyspokenofamongusers.10.A.Hequitwithnojobslinedup.B.Hedislikestheroutinejob.C.Heisfondofadventurousactivities.D.Heprefersworktorelaxation.

1SectionB10%Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Hebumpedintoanoldfriendinthestreet.B.Hecouldn'tbelieveitwasaChristmasgift.C.Hewouldtakearidetoseethebeautifulscenery.D.Healsoreceivedanautomobilefromhisbrother.12.A.Theboywasobsessedwiththenewautomobile.B.Theboywantedtoshowoffbeforetheneighbors.C.Theboywastestingtheperformanceofthevehicle.D.Theboyattemptedtoavoidtheeveningrushhour.13.A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Toerrishuman;toforgiveisgod.C.Selfishnessisthebarriertosuccess.D.Happinessliesingivingnotpossession.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.14.A.Theywillputoffthereworktimefor14days.B.Theywillgivetheteachersfreeaccesstotesting.C.Teacherswillbechargedtohaveaviraltestbeforework.D.Teachersarepersuadedintostayingathometemporarily.15.A.695,000B.3,341,000C.6,648,000D.665.00016.A.Adevicetoeliminatevirus.B.Arobottoworkautomatically.C.Anautomaticdisinfectingroom.D.Amobilehospitalagainsttheoutbreak.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Appearance.B.Price.C.Speed.D.Engine.18.A.Itissecureandstable.B.Itisstylishinappearance.C.Itboastspowerfulengine.D.Itupgradesitselfeveryyear.19.A.Makeabargain.B.Orderthecar.C.Buytheinsurance.D.Testdrivethecar.20.Howwillthewomanpaythecar?A.Onacarloan.B.Incash.C.Withtheallowance.D.Withdebitcard(借记卡).II.GrammarandVocabulary23%SectionA13%Directions:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,Cand

2D.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.—Iwonderwhatmakesyouasuccessfulmanager.—I________asawaiterforfiveyears,whichcontributesalottomytoday’swork.A.serveB.haveservedC.hadservedD.served【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——我想知道是什么让你成为一个成功的经理。——我做了五年的服务员，这对我今天的工作有很大的帮助。由“contributesalottomytoday’swork”可知，这个经理过去是服务员，所以用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故选D。2.Bythetimeyouhavecompletedtheessentialtraining,you________exposedtovirtuallyeverynewfeatureofthecourse.A.willhavebeenB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：到你完成基本训练为止你几乎会接触到这门课程的每一项新的特点。根据Bythetime可知，时态用完成时。根据句意“到你完成基本训练为止”可知，训练还没完成，所以要用将来完成时。故选A。3._________bothadultsandchildren,thebookAnApplePiefeaturesthedancersbendingtheirbodiesindifferentwaystocreateeachofthe26,letters.A.AppealingtoB.AppealedtoC.BeingappealedtoD.Toappealto【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《苹果派》这本书对成人和儿童都很有吸引力，书中舞者用不同的方式弯曲身体，创造出26个字母。空处作状语，应用非谓语动词，appealto“对……有吸引力”和主语thebook之间为主动关系，且此处不表目的，应用现在分词。故选A。4.Theelevatedroadsarefloodedwithalargeoutdoorsignboardsofads,whichareintended_________bypassingcardrivers.A.toreadB.tobereadingC.tohavereadD.toberead【答案】D【解析】

3【详解】考查动词不定式的被动形式。句意：高架道路上挤满了大型户外广告牌，旨在供路过的汽车司机阅读。beintendedtodo意为“旨在做某事”。因“广告牌”ads与“阅读”read是被动关系，故使用动词不定式的被动形式，即toberead。故选D。5.Whentheywentintotheshopandaskedtolookattheengagementrings,theshopassistantbroughtoutacheapone,________shehasarrangedwithJames.A.whichwasthatB.whatwasthatC.whichwaswhatD.thatwasthat【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查关系代词和连接代词。句意：当他们走进商店，要求看一下订婚戒指时，服务员拿出一个便宜的，事先她与詹姆斯已经安排好的那个。分析句子可知，acheapone为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which，定语从句为主系表结构，was为系动词，后接从句作表语，在表语从句中，arrange缺少宾语，所以由what来充当宾语。故选C项。【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等。二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。分析句子可知，acheapone为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语，所以关系代词为which，定语从句为主系表结构，was为系动词，后接从句作表语，表语从句中，arrange缺少宾语，所以由what来充当宾语。故选C项。6.Trytoavoidsuchthings________willdoyouharm,unlessyoudon'tcareabouttherumorsfromalldirections.A.thatB.asC.whichD.asthat【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除非你不在乎四面八方的谣言，否则尽量避免那些对你有害的事情。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词things被such修饰，所以应用关系代词as。故选B。7.MissGuomadeuphermindtodevoteallshehad________herspokenEnglishbeforestudyingabroad.A.improvingB.toimproveC.improvedD.toimproving【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配和动名词。句意：郭女士下定决心，要在出国留学前全力以赴提高英语口语。

4“devote...todoing”意为“为做某事贡献……”，为固定搭配，此处to为介词，用动名词作宾语。故选D。8._____,soIhadtowaitformyparentsback.ALeavingmykeyintheofficeB.BecauseIleftmykeyintheofficeC.IleftmykeyintheofficeD.Mykeyleftintheoffice【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和句子结构。句意：我把钥匙忘在办公室了，因此我只能等着父母回来。so是连词，应该连接两个句子，因此空处为一个完整的句子，故排除AB两项；“我把钥匙忘在办公室”是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，如用I作主语，则用主动语态，如用mykey作主语，则用被动语态(wasleft)。综上，故选C。9.Theconferencecurrently________inGenevahascaughttheattentionofthemassmedia.A.heldB.tobeheldC.beingheldD.havingheld【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词的被动语态。句意：目前在日内瓦举行的会议引起了大众传播媒介的注意。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语hascaught，所以空处应用非谓语动词，根据句意和副词currently可知，空处应用现在完成时的被动语态beingheld，表示“正在被举行”，既表被动，又表进行，作定语。故选C项。10.________toaforeignlanguageasmuchasyoucanisconsideredthebestwaytolearnitwell.A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Expose【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：尽可能多地接触一门外语被认为是学好它的最好方法。空格处用动名词作主语，beexposedto是固定短语，意为“接触”，因此空格处用动名词的被动语态，即beingexposed，故选C。11.I'mglad________achancetovisityourcountry,whichhasreallygivenmeawonderfulimpression.A.togiveB.tohavegivenC.tobegivenD.tohavebeengiven【答案】D【解析】

5【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很高兴有机会访问贵国，这给我留下了美好的印象。begladtodosth.意为“对做某事感到高兴”。根据句意可知，“我”与“给与机会”是被动关系，故使用不定式的被动式，排除答案A、C。又因该动作发生在过去，故用动词不定式的完成式的被动结构。故选D。12.________,thenewmedicineisnowinmassproduction.A.WiththissolvedproblemB.WiththisproblembeingsolvedC.WiththisproblemsolvedD.Withthisproblemtosolve【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：问题解决了，这新药现在正在大批量生产。“with+名词+宾语补足语”的复合结构。with+名词+v-ing，强调名词是v-ing词的动作的发出者或某动作,状态正在进行；with+名词+v-ed，强调名词是v-ed词动作的承受者或动作已经发生；with+名词+todo，表示不定式动作尚未发生。结合句意可知，表示“问题已经解决”，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。13.Thevillagers,________hadbeenwashedawaybytheflood,receivedthegovernment'said.A.alltheirpropertiesB.alloftheirpropertiesC.allwhosepropertiesD.allofwhoseproperties【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：村里所有的财产都被洪水冲走，村民们得到了政府的援助。根据句子结构分析可知，“received”是主句谓语，因此设空处引导的句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为villages（村庄），从句中连词做定语修饰主语properties，意为“村庄的财产”，用关系代词whose。不定代词all修饰名词时需要使用介词of，意为“所有的……”。故选D。SectionB10%Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.suspectsB.maintainsC.anglesD.devotionE.lendF.favorG.determinedH.analyticalI.inventiveJ.creditK.stirringTheAlphabetMurdersTonyRandallstarsastheBelgiandetectiveHerculePoirotinthedirectorFrankTashlin’sextravagant1965adaptationofAgathaChristie’s“TheABCMurders,”infusingthesleuth’spunctiliousstylewith___14___nerdiness.WhenPoirotturnsupinLondontoseehistailor,helearnsthatacircusclownnamedAlbert

6Aachenhasbeenkilled,andhedecidestosolvethecase.ThenabowlinginstructornamedBettyBarnardismurdered,andPoirot___15___thekillerofworkinghisorherwaythroughthealphabet.TashlintransformsthemysteryintoagiddyparodyofAlfredHitchcock’sfilms:borrowinghishighlyinflected,riotously___16___visualstyles,Tashlincreatesasortoflive-actioncartoon,withdistorting___17___yieldingdisorientingjuxtapositions,whetherfromtheexplosiveresultsofadishofkidneysflambéorduringballeticcapersatabowlingalley.Inanintricatesetpiece,Tashlintransformsacasino’sglossyformalitiesintoatheatreofhorror,thoughhissubjectisn’tbloodymurderbutitsirresistiblymacabre,media-friendlyallure—thepowerofsuchtalestoliberatecreativeenergyand___18___theoppressivedullnessofdailylifeaninvigoratingjolt.—RichardBrody(StreamingonAmazonandplayingSept.3onTCM.)CinderellaManRussellCroweteamsupwiththedirectorRonHowardforthestoryoftheboxerJamesJ.Braddock,whofellfrom___19___duringtheGreatDepression,onlytoclawhiswaybackandsnatchtheworldheavyweighttitlein1935.Crowelendsthecharactera___20___dourness(冷酷),refusingtoturnBraddock’sbewilderingcomebackintoavictoryparade—agoodthing,too,forwithoutthatunsmilingrestraintthewholesagamightsoundtoogoodtobetrue.Braddockispresentedasamanwithoutsin;hiswife,Mae(RenéeZellweger),___21___arosy-cheekedoptimismevenwhenfoodisscarce;andtheirchildrenformagroupportraitofwell-scrubbed___22___.Anybodywhosememoryresoundsto“RagingBull,”withitsbedevilledhero,willfeelbadlyshortchangedbythispicture,yetHowardistherightmanfor_____23_____simplicity,andhiscastingisonthemoney.Braddock’sopponentsaregratifyinglybisonlike,andPaulGiamatti,lookingnattyinagrayplaidsuitandtie,hasaballintheroleofJoeGould,thetrainerwhostoodbyhisman.Releasedin2005.—AnthonyLane(Reviewedinourissueof6/6/05.)(StreamingonAmazon,HBOMax,andotherservices.)【答案】14.G15.A16.I17.C18.E19.F20.K21.B22.J23.H【解析】【导语】本文一篇应用文。文章由两篇影评组成。分别介绍了RichardBrody对《字母谋杀案》和AnthonyLane对《铁拳男人》的评价。【14题详解】

7考查形容词。句意：托尼·兰德尔（TonyRandall）在导演弗兰克·塔什林（FrankTashlin）1965年改编的阿加莎·克里斯蒂（AgathaChristie）的《字母谋杀案》（theABC谋杀案）中饰演比利时侦探海克力·波洛（HerculePoirot），将这位侦探的一丝不苟风格与坚定的书呆子风格融为一体。分析句子可知，空格处应填形容词作定语修饰其后的名词nerdiness(书呆子气)。G项determined意为“坚定的”与上文“punctiliousstyle”相呼应，符合句意。故选G。【15题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：然后，一位名叫贝蒂·巴纳德的保龄球教练被谋杀，波洛怀疑凶手是通过字母表工作的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词，其形式为一般现在时的单数第三人称。A项suspects意为“怀疑”，suspectsb.ofdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“怀疑某人做某事”，符合句意。故选A。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：塔什林把这个谜团变成了对阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克电影的令人眼花缭乱的模仿：借用他高度曲折、充满创意的视觉风格，塔什林创作了一种真人动画，曲折的投入产生了令人迷惑的并置，无论是从一盘肾脏燃烧的爆炸性结果，还是在保龄球馆的芭蕾舞表演中。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰“visualstyles”，I项inventive意为“有创意的”，与“highlyinflected(高度曲折的)”并列，符合句意。故选I。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：塔什林把这个谜团变成了对阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克电影的令人眼花缭乱的模仿：借用他高度扭曲、充满创意的视觉风格，塔什林创作了一种真人动画，曲折的角度产生了令人迷惑的并置，无论是从一盘肾脏燃烧的爆炸性结果，还是在保龄球馆的芭蕾舞表演中。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词，C项angles意为“角度”，下文“whetherfromtheexplosiveresultsofadishofkidneysflambéorduringballeticcapersatabowlingalley”也是在讲电影的取景角度。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：在一个复杂的场景中，塔什林将一个赌场光鲜的礼节变成了一个恐怖的剧场，尽管他的主题不是血腥谋杀，但其令人无法抗拒的恐怖、媒体友好的诱惑力，让这些故事释放了创造力，并给日常生活中压抑的单调增添了令人振奋的震撼。and前后连接词性和词义相同的结构，由liberatecreativeenergy可知，空格处应为动词，E项lend意为“给……增加，增添(特色)”，从形式和语义都符合。故选E。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：布洛克在大萧条期间失宠，但在1935年夺回了世界重量级拳击冠军。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词，F项favor意为“宠爱，好感”，fellfromfavor意为“失宠”，符合句意。故选F。【20题详解】

8考查形容词。句意：克劳赋予这个角色一种激动人心的冷酷，拒绝将布洛克令人困惑的复出变成一场胜利游行。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语，且根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，该形容词以辅音因素开头。K项stirring意为“扣人心弦的，激动人心的”，符合句意。故选K。【21题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：布洛克被描绘成一个没有罪恶的人；他的妻子梅（雷内·齐薇格饰）即使在食物短缺的情况下也保持着乐观的态度，他们的孩子组成了一个声誉良好的团体肖像。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词，且形式为一般现在时的单数第三人称。B项maintains意为“保持”，符合句意。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：布洛克被描绘成一个没有罪恶的人；他的妻子梅（雷内·齐薇格饰）即使在食物短缺的情况下也保持着乐观的态度，他们的孩子组成了一个声誉良好的团体肖像。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词。根据上文“Braddockispresentedasamanwithoutsin”（布洛克被描绘成一个没有罪恶的人）以及前面对他妻子的描述可知，此处应填入褒义词。J项credit意为“名誉，名望，声望”，符合句意。故选J。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而霍华德是逻辑简单的合适人选，他的角色分配就是金钱。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰simplicity，H项analytical意为“分析的，逻辑必然的”，符合句意。故选H。III.ReadingComprehension30%SectionA15%Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Universitystudentshavewastednearly£1bnonemptyroomsinflatsharesandhallsofresidencethattheyhavebeenunabletousebecauseofcoronavirusrestrictionsthis___24___year,accordingtoanewestimate.Theaveragestudenthassofarpaid£1,621inrentforemptyroomsforwhichtheyhavenotreceiveda___25___,accordingtoanannualsurveyof1,300universitystudentsbymoneyadvicewebsiteSavetheStudent.Twoinfive(43%)respondentssaidtheyhadspentunderthreemonthsoncampus,whilenearlyhalf(46%)wouldhavemade___26___decisionsaboutwheretolivehadtheyunderstoodthelikelyimpactofthepandemicontheireducation.Oneinthreeplantoasktheirlandlordsforabreakclausenextyeartogivethemmore___27___.HillaryGyebi-Ababio,theNationalUnionofStudents’vice-presidentforhighereducation,said:“Students

9havebeenconsistently___28___duringthispandemic.Weareseenascashcows,withmany___29___payingextortionaterentsforpropertiestheyeithercannotuseorcannotafford.”Students’angerwithhighrents,whichSavetheStudentestimatestakeupthree-quartersoftheirmaintenanceloansatanaverageof£146perweek,___30___onUKcampusesthistermasstudentslaunchedthelargestrentstrikein40years.Therehasbeenapatchyresponsefromuniversities,privatehallsofresidenceandlandlords,withsome___31___discountswhileothershaveofferedfullrebates.Thesurveysuggestsathirdofstudentshavebeenofferedadiscount,whichaveragesat£75,thoughthishasbeen___32___tojust6%ofstudentsinprivaterentals.Halfofthosesurveyedwereunhappywiththeiraccommodationprovider’sresponse.On14February,92studentsattheSchoolofOrientalandAfricanStudiesbecamethefirstto____33____theoutstanding50%instalmentoftheirtuitionfeepaymentsinprotestattheiruniversity’scoronavirusresponse.Theywere____34____by1,000students-afifthofthestudentbody-whosignedapetitionaskingforfeereductions.Thegovernmenthassofarrespondedtostudents’financialconcernswith£70minadditionalhardshipfunding,afigurethatfallsshortofmore____35____packagesinScotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.MoststudentshavebeenaskedtoremainattheaddresswheretheyspentChristmas-inmanycasestheirfamilyhomes-duringlockdown.Plansfortheir____36____areexpectedtobeannouncednextweek,____37____universityleadersarepreparingforthepossibilitythatmanystudentswillnotbeallowedoncampusuntil17May,shortlybeforetheendoftheteachingyear.StAndrewsUniversityandtheLondonSchoolofEconomicshavealreadytoldstudentsthatmostwillstudyonlineforthe____38____oftheyear.24.A.unpredictableB.educationalC.academicD.sentimental25.A.refundB.depositC.pensionD.commission26.A.cautiousB.inexpensiveC.mindfulD.different27.A.accountabilityB.flexibilityC.stabilityD.availability28.A.exploitedB.dismissedC.mistreatedD.unfavoured29.A.sufferersB.stuckC.potentialsD.engaged30.A.heldupB.boiledoverC.consumedupD.crossedover31.A.legitimizingB.skinningC.proposingD.refusing32.A.accumulatedB.relevantC.incomparableD.extended33.A.trickB.inclineC.withholdD.proclaim34.A.joinedB.establishedC.corneredD.characterized

1035.A.humaneB.authoritativeC.generousD.distinctive36.A.returnB.accommodationC.revisionD.curriculum37.A.consideringB.givenC.thoughD.supposing38.A.sakeB.settlementC.approachingD.remainder【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.B28.A29.B30.B31.D32.D33.C34.A35.C36.A37.C38.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了英国大学生过去一年在空房上浪费了10亿英镑，原因是因为疫情封锁，他们一直未能入住所租的房子，却得不到退款。学生对此非常愤怒，爆发了大规模抗议活动。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据一项新的估计，本学年，大学生由于疫情限制并不能使用公寓合租的空房间和宿舍，他们在这上面已经浪费了近10亿英镑。A.unpredictable不可预测的；B.educational教育的；C.academic学业的；D.sentimental多愁善感的。根据year，以及上文的“Universitystudents”可知，这里指的是学年。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：理财网站SaveThestudent对1300名大学生进行了一项年度调查，结果显示，到目前为止，每个学生平均为空房支付了1621英镑的租金，而且还没有收到退款。A.refund退款；B.deposit存款；C.pension退休金；D.commission委托。根据上文“Universitystudentshavewastednearly£1bnonemptyroomsinflatsharesandhallsofresidencethattheyhavebeenunabletousebecauseofcoronavirusrestrictions”可知，学生付了房租没有居住，浪费了很多钱，所以是没有得到退款。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：五分之二（43%）的受访者表示，他们在校园里呆的时间不到三个月，而近一半（46%）的人如果了解到疫情可能对他们的教育造成的影响，他们本会对住在哪里做出不同的决定。A.cautious小心谨慎的；B.inexpensive便宜的；C.mindful深切注意的；D.different不同的。根据下文“hadtheyunderstoodthelikelyimpactofthepandemicontheireducation.”可知，学生后悔租房，所以如果早点知道疫情的影响，他们的决定会不同。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：三分之一的人计划明年要求房东提供休假条款，给他们更多的灵活性。A.accountability有责任；B.flexibility灵活；C.stability稳定；D.availability可用的、可得到的。根据上文的“asktheirlandlordsforabreakclausenextyear

11”可知，他们会要求有休假条款，是为了防止租了却无法入住，所以是想获得灵活性。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全国学生联盟负责高等教育事务的副主席HillaryGyebi-Ababio说：“在这场大流行期间，学生们一直受到剥削。我们被当成摇钱树，许多人不得不为他们无法使用或负担不起的房产支付着高得像敲诈一般的租金。”A.exploited开发、剥削；B.dismissed解雇；C.mistreated虐待；D.unfavoured不支持、不利。根据下文“Weareseenascashcows,”可知，学生遭到了剥削。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词或动词词义辨析。句意：全国学生联盟负责高等教育事务的副主席HillaryGyebi-Ababio说：“在这场大流行期间，学生们一直受到剥削和忽视。我们被当成摇钱树，许多人不得不为他们无法使用或负担不起的房产支付着高得像敲诈一般的租金。”A.sufferers受害者；B.stuck被困；C.potentials可能性；D.engaged参与、忙于。根据上文“Theaveragestudenthassofarpaid£1,621inrentforemptyroomsforwhichtheyhavenotreceiveda___2___,”可知，学生已经付了房租，无法入住又得不到退款，所以是被困在这个困局中。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们对高昂房租的愤怒在本学期爆发了，学生们发起了40年来最大规模的房租抗议。据SavetheStudent估计，租金占据了学生们四分之三的生活费支出，平均每周146英镑。A.heldup举起、阻挡；B.boiledover沸溢、发怒；C.consumedup消耗；D.crossedover跨越、交叉。根据上文“Students’angerwithhighrents,whichSavetheStudentestimatestakeupthree-quartersoftheirmaintenanceloansatanaverageof£146perweek,”可知，学生对于高房租的愤怒开始达到顶峰，所以才抗议。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学、私人宿舍和房东的反应各不相同，有些拒绝打折，有些则提供全额折扣。A.legitimizing使合法；B.skinning去皮；C.proposing提议；D.refusing拒绝。根据下文“whileothershaveofferedfullrebates.”中的while是两种情况进行对比，下一句是提供全额折扣，那么上一句则是拒绝打折。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：调查显示，三分之一的学生得到了折扣，平均为75英镑，不过只有6%的租住私人房产的学生得到了折扣。A.accumulated累积的；B.relevant相关的；C.incomparable无可比拟的；D.extended长期的、延伸。根据上文“athirdofstudentshavebeenofferedadiscount,whichaveragesat£75”可知有三分之一的学生得到了折扣，而下文“6%ofstudents”可知，这一做法延伸到了6%的学生。故选D。

12【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2月14日，伦敦大学亚非学院92名学生成为第一批扣留50%房租的学生，以抗议学校应对新冠疫情的政策。A.trick诡计、把戏；B.incline倾斜；C.withhold扣留、阻挡；D.proclaim正式宣布。根据下文“inprotestattheiruniversity’scoronavirusresponse.”可知，学生是为了抗议学校的政策，所以是扣留房租不给。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1000名学生（占学生总数的五分之一）加入了他们的行列，他们签署了一份要求降低学费的请愿书。A.joined加入、参与；B.established建立；C.cornered担忧；D.characterized赋予……特色。根据下文“whosignedapetitionaskingforfeereductions.”可知，这些学生是参与了这一抗议活动。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迄今为止，政府已向学生提供了7000万英镑的额外困难补助，以回应他们的财务担忧，但这一数字远低于苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰更为慷慨的助学计划。句意：A.humane人道的；B.authoritative权威的；C.generous慷慨的、大方的；D.distinctive独特的。根据上文“Thegovernmenthassofarrespondedtostudents’financialconcernswith£70minadditionalhardshipfunding,”可知，政府已经提供了补助，而学生还在抗议，说明政府补助远远少于苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰，也就是那些政府更慷慨。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的返校计划预计将于下周公布，尽管大学领导们正在为许多学生可能在5月17日（即学年结束前不久）之前不能进入校园做准备。A.return回归；B.accommodation住处、C.revision修正、复习；D.curriculum课程。根据上文“MoststudentshavebeenaskedtoremainattheaddresswheretheyspentChristmas-inmanycasestheirfamilyhomes-duringlockdown.”可知，学生还留在过圣诞节的地方，所以计划应该是返校计划。故选A。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们的返校计划预计将于下周公布，尽管大学领导们正在为许多学生可能在5月17日（即学年结束前不久）之前不能进入校园做准备。A.considering考虑到；B.given考虑到；C.though虽然、尽管；D.supposing假如。前一分句说计划将公布；后一分句说领导认为暂时还不能返校。两个分句之间存在转折关系。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：圣安德鲁斯大学和伦敦经济学院已经告诉学生，大多数学生将在今年剩下的时间里在线学习。A.sake理由、目的；B.settlement定居、解决；C.approaching接近；D.remainder

13剩下的。根据上文“___14___universityleadersarepreparingforthepossibilitythatmanystudentswillnotbeallowedoncampusuntil17May,shortlybeforetheendoftheteachingyear.”可知，学校暂时不会让学生返校，也就是剩下的时间得在网上学习。故选D。SectionB11%Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Thepassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.ABytheageofsevenmonths,mostchildrenhavelearnedthatobjectsstillexistevenwhentheyareoutofsight.Putatoyunderablanketandachildthatoldwillknowitisstillthere,andthathecanreachunderneaththeblankettogetitback.Thisunderstanding,of“objectpermanence”,isanormaldevelopmentalmilestone,aswellasabasictenetofreality.Itisalsosomethingthatself-drivingcarsdonothave.Andthatisaproblem.Foraself-drivingcar,abicyclethatismomentarilyhiddenbyapassingvanisabicyclethathasceasedtoexist.Thisfailingisbasictothenow-widespreadcomputingdisciplinethathasarrogatedtoitselftheslightlymisleadingmonikerofartificialintelligence(AI).CurrentAI,basedontheideaofmachinelearning,worksbybuildingupcomplexstatisticalmodelsoftheworld,butitlacksadeeperunderstandingofreality.Similartechniquesareusedtotrainself-drivingcarstooperateintraffic.Carsthuslearnhowtoobeylanemarkings,avoidothervehicles,hitthebrakesataredlightandsoon.Buttheydonotunderstandmanythingsahumandrivertakesforgranted—thatothercarsontheroadhaveenginesandfourwheels,orthattheyobeytrafficregulations(usually)andthelawsofphysics(always).Andtheydonotunderstandobjectpermanence.InarecentpaperinArtificialIntelligence,MehulBhattofOrebroUniversity,inSweden,describesadifferentapproach.HeandhiscolleaguestooksomeexistingAIprogramswhichareusedbyself-drivingcarsandboltedontothemapieceofsoftwarecalledasymbolic-reasoningengine.Insteadofapproachingtheworldprobabilistically,asmachinelearningdoes,thissoftwarewasprogrammedtoapplybasicphysicalconceptstotheoutputoftheprogramsthatprocesssignalsfromanautonomousvehicle'ssensors.Thismodifiedoutputwasthenfedtothesoftwarewhichdrivesthevehicle.Theconceptsinvolvedincludedtheideasthatdiscreteobjectscontinuetoexistovertime,thattheyhavespatialrelationshipswithoneanother-suchas“in-front-of”and“behind”—andthattheycanbefullyorpartlyvisible,orcompletelyhiddenbyanotherobject.Theimprovementwasnothuge,butitprovedtheprinciple.Anditalsoyieldedsomethingelse.For,unlikeamachine-learningalgorithm,areasoningenginecantellyouthereasonwhyitdidwhatitdid.Amachine-learningprogramcannotdothat.Besideshelpingimproveprogramdesign,suchinformationwill,Dr

14Bhattreckons,helpregulatorsandinsurancecompanies.Itmaythusspeeduppublicacceptanceofautonomousvehicles.39.Whydoestheauthormentionabicyclehiddenbyavaninthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowtheself-drivingcarisn'tasabletoknowanobjectpermanentlyexistsasa7-month-oldchild.B.Tomakeacomparisonbetweenaself-drivingcarandabicyclethatcanforamomentceasetoexist.C.Toconsolidatetheproblemaself-drivingcarhasasopposedtoa7-month-oldchild.D.Toverifythefactthataself-drivingcarisn'tasintelligentasa7-month-oldchild.40.WhatdoweknowaboutcurrentAItechnology?A.Itfailsasamisleadingcomputingdisciplineusedonself-drivingcars.B.Itbasicallyworksonmachinelearningwhichiseffectivetotraincarshowtooperateintraffic.C.Itisnotthatintelligentcomparedwiththerealhumanintelligence,hencethenameAI.D.Itcanteachcarsmanythingsexceptthereasonswhytheyhaveenginesandfourwheels.41.Ifacarisfittedwithareasoningengine,whatcanthecarpossiblydo?A.Whenanaccidentisaroundthecorner,thecarautomaticallyalarmsthedriver.B.Ifthecarmomentarilyblockedthesightofanother,itcouldpredictandtakestepstoavoidbumping.C.Thecarcanmakeupreasonsforhittingthebrakeswhenabicyclehiddenbyavanisabouttoappear.D.Whenyouareatalosshowyoucanmakeittothedestination,thecarcanalwaysfigureoutthebestroute.42.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Isreasoning-enginebetterthanmachinelearning?B.Isitsmarterthanaseven-month-old?C.Al---amisleadingmonikerD.Theself-reflectionofaself-drivingcar【答案】39.C40.D41.C42.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章论述了自动化汽车基于目前的算法而存在的局限性，不能理解物体的持久性，即缺乏对事物的深层次理解，以及研究人员对此进行的技术改进。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据“Bytheageofsevenmonths,mostchildrenhavelearnedthatobjectsstillexistevenwhentheyareoutofsight.Putatoyunderablanketandachildthatoldwillknowitisstillthere,andthathecanreachunderneaththeblankettogetitback.Thisunderstanding,of“objectpermanence”,isanormaldevelopmentalmilestone,aswellasabasictenetofreality.Itisalsosomethingthatself-drivingcarsdonothave.Andthatisa

15problem.Foraself-drivingcar,abicyclethatismomentarilyhiddenbyapassingvanisabicyclethathasceasedtoexist.（到7个月大的时候，大多数孩子已经知道，即使在看不见的时候，物体仍然存在。把玩具放在毯子下面，那么年纪大的孩子就会知道它还在那里，他可以伸手到毯子下面把它拿回来。这种对“客体持久性”的理解是一个正常的发展里程碑，也是现实的基本原则。这也是无人驾驶汽车所没有的。这是一个问题。对于自动驾驶汽车来说，被路过的面包车暂时隐藏起来的自行车就是一辆已经不复存在的自行车）”可知，面对隐藏的物体，一个七个月大的孩子知道物体存在，然而自动化汽车却不知道，二者恰好相反。即自动化汽车缺乏对事物的深层次的理解，这是自动化汽车存在的问题。选项C符合语意。故选C。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Similartechniquesareusedtotrainself-drivingcarstooperateintraffic.Carsthuslearnhowtoobeylanemarkings,avoidothervehicles,hitthebrakesataredlightandsoon.Buttheydonotunderstandmanythingsahumandrivertakesforgranted—thatothercarsontheroadhaveenginesandfourwheels（类似的技术也被用于训练自动驾驶汽车在交通中行驶。汽车因此学会了如何遵守车道标志，避免其他车辆，在红灯时刹车等等。但是他们不了解许多人类司机认为理所当然的事情——路上的其他汽车有引擎和四个轮子）”可知，AI技术被应用到自动化汽车时，汽车能学会一些固定的交通规则。但是不能像人类一样理解为什么汽车有引擎及四个轮子。选项D符合语意。故选D。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Theconceptsinvolvedincludedtheideasthatdiscreteobjectscontinuetoexistovertime,thattheyhavespatialrelationshipswithoneanother-suchas“in-front-of”and“behind”—andthattheycanbefullyorpartlyvisible,orcompletelyhiddenbyanotherobject.Theimprovementwasnothuge,butitprovedtheprinciple.Anditalsoyieldedsomethingelse.For,unlikeamachine-learningalgorithm,areasoningenginecantellyouthereasonwhyitdidwhatitdid.Amachine-learningprogramcannotdothat.（所涉及的概念包括:离散的物体会随着时间持续存在，它们之间有空间关系——比如“前面”和“后面”——它们可以完全或部分可见，或者完全被另一个物体隐藏。改进并不大，但它证明了原理。它还产生了其他一些东西。因为，与机器学习算法不同，推理引擎可以告诉你为什么它要这么做。机器学习程序无法做到这一点。）”可知，应用了推理引擎的自动化汽车在深层次的理解上有改进，但不是很大。它能够告诉你这样做的原因。选项C符合语意。故选C。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Andthatisaproblem.Foraself-drivingcar,abicyclethatismomentarilyhiddenbyapassingvanisabicyclethathasceasedtoexist.（这是一个问题。对于自动驾驶汽车来说，被路过的面包车暂时隐藏起来的自行车就是一辆已经不复存在的自行车。）”，第二段“Similartechniquesareusedto

16trainself-drivingcarstooperateintraffic.（类似的技术也被用于训练自动驾驶汽车在交通中行驶）”，第三段“Theimprovementwasnothuge,butitprovedtheprinciple.Anditalsoyieldedsomethingelse.（改进并不大，但它证明了原理。它还产生了其他一些东西。）以及Besideshelpingimproveprogramdesign,suchinformationwill,DrBhattreckons,helpregulatorsandinsurancecompanies.Itmaythusspeeduppublicacceptanceofautonomousvehicles.（Bhatt博士认为，除了帮助改进程序设计，这些信息还将帮助监管机构和保险公司。因此，这可能会加快公众对自动驾驶汽车的接受）”可知，作者首先提出自动化汽车存在的问题，然后提出技术改进方法，即应用推理引擎到自动化汽车上，最后对比推理引擎与学习引擎对自动化汽车的作用，选项A符合语意，故选A。BHomeLaundryAutomaticDryerProductFullTwoYearWarrantyLimitedFiveYearWarrantyonCabinetWarrantyProvidesfor:FIRSTTWOYEARSAmanawillrepairorreplaceanyfaultypartfreeofcharge.THIRDTHRUFIFTHYEARSAmanawillprovideafreereplacementpartforanycabinetwhichprovesfaultyduetorust.WarrantyLimitations:·Warrantybeginsatdateoforiginalpurchase.·AppliesonlytoproductusedwithintheUnitedStatesorinCanadaifproductisapprovedbyCanadianStandardsAssociationwhenshippedfromfactory.·Productsusedonacommercialorrentalbasisnotcoveredbythiswarranty.·ServicemustbeperformedbyanAmanaservicer.·Adjustmentscoveredduringfirstyearonly.Owner'sResponsibilities:·Providesalesreceipt.·Normalcareandmaintenance.·Havingtheproductreasonablyaccessibleforservice·Payforservicecallsrelatedtoproductinstallationorusageinstructions.·Payforextraservicecosts,overnormalservicecharges,ifservicerisrequestedtoperformserviceoutsideservicer'snormalbusinesshours.WarrantyDoesNotCoverItIf:InnoeventshallAmanaberesponsiblefor

17·Producthasdamageduetoproductalterationconnectiontoanimproperelectricalsupplyshippingandhandling,accident,fire,floods,lightningorotherconditionsbeyondthecontrolofAmana.·Productisimproperlyinstalledorapplied.consequentialdamages.**Thiswarrantygivesyouspecificlegalrights,andyoumayhaveotherswhichvaryfromstatetostate.Forexample,somestatesdonotallowtheexclusionorlimitationofconsequentialdamages,sothisexclusionmaynotapplytoyou.43.AccordingtoWarrantyLimitations,aproductcanbeunderwarrantyif________.A.shippedfromaCanadianfactoryB.rentedforhomeuseC.repairedbytheuserhimselfD.usedintheU.S.A.44.AccordingtoOwner'sResponsibilities,anownerhastopayfor________.A.thelossofthesalesreceiptB.aservicer'sovertimeworkC.theproductinstallationD.amechanic'stransportation45.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothewarranty?A.ConsequentialdamagesareexcludedacrossAmerica.B.Aproductdamagedinanaturaldisasteriscoveredbythewarranty.C.Afaultycabinetduetorustcanbereplacedfreeinthesecondyear.D.Freerepairisavailableforaproductusedimproperlyinthefirstyear.【答案】43.D44.B45.C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了一款家用洗衣自动烘干机产品的保修信息。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章WarrantyLimitations中关键句“AppliesonlytoproductusedwithintheUnitedStatesorinCanadaifproductisapprovedbyCanadianStandardsAssociationwhenshippedfromfactory.”（仅适用于在美国或加拿大境内使用的产品，前提是产品出厂时经加拿大标准协会批准）可知，只有在美国和加拿大境内使用的产品才能被保修。故选D项。

182.细节理解题。根据文章Owner'sResponsibilities中关键句“Payforextraservicecosts,overnormalservicecharges,ifservicerisrequestedtoperformserviceoutsideservicer'snormalbusinesshours.”（如果服务商被要求在正常营业时间以外提供服务，应支付超出正常服务费的额外服务费用）可知，买家要为额外的工作时间付钱。故选B项。3.细节理解题。根据文章WarrantyProvidesfor下面的关键句“FIRSTTWOYEARSAmanawillrepairorreplaceanyfaultypartfreeofcharge.THIRDTHRUFIFTHYEARSAmanawillprovideafreereplacementpartforanycabinetwhichprovesfaultyduetorust.”（前两年Amana将免费维修或更换任何有故障的部件。第三至第五年，Amana将为任何因生锈而出现故障的机柜提供免费更换零件）可知，由于生锈而出现故障的机柜可以在第二年免费更换。故选C项。CAsthearcofcoronavirusmiseryrosein2020,ahopefuldevelopmentonanotherdangerouscurvemayhaveescapedyourattention.Thecurvetrackingtheriseofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissionsfromenergyusewenttotallyflatin2019,accordingtoareportreleasedinFebruarybytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA).Anotherinternationalreportfoundveryslightgrowthinglobalemissionsduringthesametimespan,comparedwithprioryears.Eitherway,thisflatteninghappenedbeforeCOVID-19temporarilyhamperedeconomicactivityandcarbonoutput.So,thepromisingCO2trendstemsfromotherfactors:plunginguseofcoalinmanyeconomiesandgainsinrenewableenergy,accordingtotheIEAreport.“We’reflatteningthecurve,whichisthefirststeptowardbendingitdownward,”saysMichaelMann,aclimatescientistatPennState.Pendingfinalnumbers,we’lllikelyseeactualreductionsinCO2emissionsin2020,“partlybutnotentirelyduetothepandemic,”Mannsays.“Perhapsevenmoresignificantly,weknowthattheflatteningofcarbonemissionsistiedtothetransitionawayfromfossilfuelburningandtowardrenewableenergy.”That’sastructuralchange,andtheshifthasbeenaccelerating.Mannpredictsthefinalemissionsreportfor2020willshowadropofabout5percent.Butthatwon’tthwartdangerousclimateimpactsinourfuture.“Theproblemisthatweneedfurtherreductionsbythesameamount,yearafteryear,forthenextdecadeandbeyond,”hesays.ThegoalistokeepEarthfromwarminganaverageof2.7degreesFahrenheit,whichisprojectedtocausedeadlyheatwaves,debilitatingdroughtsandstrongerstorms.Infact,2020wasontracktobeoneofthehottestyearsonrecord,accordingtoGavinSchmidt,directoroftheNASAGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudies.Also,despitethisemissionscurveflatteningin2019,andlikelydecreasingin2020,theamountofCO2intheatmospherestillreachedanewhighin2020,andwillcontinuetorise.Likeabathtuboverflowinguntilthetapisshutoffcompletely,CO2levelswillnotstoprisinguntilemissionsaredrivendowntozero—eitherthat,oruntil

19emissionsaredrasticallyslowedwhileCO2isactuallyremovedfromtheatmosphere.PieterTans,ascientistwiththeNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,sayshenowsees“agoldenopportunitytoprovidemuch-neededjobsbyworkingontheenergytransition.”Toseizethatopportunity,hesayswemustembracethisidea:“Wehumansarereallyinchargeof,andresponsiblefor,ourownfuture,whichincludesthehealthofourplanet.”46.WhatdowelearnaboutthecurrentcurveofCO2?A.Itwasn’tuntilCovid19hittheeconomythatthecurveflattened.B.TheflatteningofthecurvewasashopefulastheriseofthearcofCOVID-19.C.Theflatcurvemeansthatwe’reonestepclosertobringingdownCO2emissions.D.Peopleintheeconomicfieldsusedlesscoal,whichcontributedtotheflatcurve.47.Whatistheclosestmeaningoftheunderlinedwordthwartinparagraph4?A.preventB.shieldC.oppressD.fuel48.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Ifcarbonemissionsdropsby5%yearafteryear,therewillbenonaturaldisasterslikeheatwaves,droughtsandstorms.B.Ifweshutoffthetapofthebathtuboverflowingwithwater,thecarbonemissionsarelikelytodroptozero.C.Toprotectourplanetistoprotectourfuture,anotioncommonlyidentifiedwithbyhumans.D.Thepandemicisnotallbadinthatitactuallyservesasacriticaltimeforhumanstomakeenergytransition.49.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ThedevelopmentoftheCO2curveinhumanhistoryB.Pandemic,agoldenchanceforenergytransitionC.AglimmerofhopeforglobalemissionsD.OurdeterminationtopreventCO2emissionsfromrising【答案】46.C47.A48.C49.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了自2019年来全球二氧化碳排放量的曲线略有变平，并分析了原因。虽然使该曲线完全变平有很大的挑战，但人们应该抓住机会积极进行能源转型。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的““We’reflatteningthecurve,whichisthefirststeptowardbendingitdownward,”saysMichaelMann,aclimatescientistatPennState.(“我们正在使曲线变平，这是朝着向下弯曲的方向迈出的第一步，”宾夕法尼亚州立大学的气候科学家MichaelMann)”

20可知，平坦的曲线意味着我们离降低二氧化碳排放量又近了一步。故选C。【47题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段的“That’sastructuralchange,andtheshifthasbeenaccelerating.Mannpredictsthefinalemissionsreportfor2020willshowadropofabout5percent.(这是一种结构性变化，而且这种变化一直在加速。Mann预测，2020年的最终排放报告将显示下降约5%)”并结合下句表示转折意义的but推知，虽然这种变化使得最终排放量减少，但却不会阻止危险气候对未来的影响。由此可知，划线词意为“阻止”，与prevent同义。故选A。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Wehumansarereallyinchargeof,andresponsiblefor,ourownfuture,whichincludesthehealthofourplanet.(我们人类对我们自己的未来负责，包括我们星球的健康)”推知，保护我们的地球就是保护我们的未来。故选C。【49题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Thecurvetrackingtheriseofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissionsfromenergyusewenttotallyflatin2019,accordingtoareportreleasedinFebruarybytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA).Anotherinternationalreportfoundveryslightgrowthinglobalemissionsduringthesametimespan,comparedwithprioryears.(根据国际能源署(IEA)2月发布的一份报告，全球能源消耗导致的二氧化碳排放上升曲线在2019年完全持平。另一份国际报告发现，与前几年相比，同期全球排放量略有增长)”和最后一段的“PieterTans,ascientistwiththeNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,sayshenowsees“agoldenopportunitytoprovidemuch-neededjobsbyworkingontheenergytransition.”(美国国家海洋和大气管理局的科学家PieterTans表示，他现在看到了“一个黄金机会，可以通过致力于能源转型，提供急需的就业机会。”)”可知，本文主要介绍了自2019年来全球二氧化碳排放量的曲线略有变平，并分析了原因。虽然使该曲线完全变平有很大的挑战，但人们应该抓住机会积极进行能源转型。由此可知，C项“Aglimmerofhopeforglobalemissions(全球排放的一线希望)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。SectionC4%Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.TheOnlyExerciseYouNeedTowalkistobehuman.We’retheonlyprimatethatgetsaroundbystandingupandputtingonefootinfrontoftheother.Inmorethan4millionyearshumanity’sancestorshavebeenbipedal.____50____

21Butwalkingismorethanjusttransportation.Italsohappenstobereallygoodforus.Countlessscientificstudieshavefoundthatthissimpleactcanprovideanumberofhealthbenefitsandhelppeoplelivelonger.____51____Howmuchwalkingshouldoneaimfor?You’velikelyheardweneed10,000stepsaday.That’sabout5miles.____52____Instead,itstemsfroma1960sadvertisingcampaigntopromoteapedometerinJapan.Perhapsbecauseit’saroundnumberandeasytoremember,itstuck.Sincethe1960s,researchershavestudiedthe10,000-steps-a-daystandardandhaveturnedupmixedresults.Although10,000stepsiscertainlyahealthyandworthwhilegoal,it’snotaone-size-fits-allrecommendation.Forinstance,arecentHarvardUniversitystudyinvolvingmorethan16,000seniorwomenfoundthatthosewhogotatleast4,400stepsadaygreatlyreducedtheirriskofdyingprematurelywhencomparedwithlessactivewomen.Thestudyalsonotedthatthesebenefitscontinuedupto7,500stepsbeforelevelingoff.This7,500markisn’tsurprising:____53____Researchhasshownthatpickingupthepacemightbeagoodidea,too—fastenoughtoraiseyourheartrate,evenifjustforashortburst.Thebenefitsofwalkingdependonfrequency,intensityandduration.Sowalkoften,walkfastandwalklong.A.Contrarytopopularbelief,thisrecommendationdoesn’tcomefromscience.B.Withoutdoubt,walkingaloneservesastheonlyactivityformankindtobuildupstrongconstitutions.C.Ourabilitytowalkuprighthasallowedhumankindtotravelgreatdistancesandsurvivechangingclimates,environmentsandlandscapes.D.It’sinlinewithcommonpublichealthrecommendations,suchastheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention’srecommendationof150minutesofmoderatephysicalactivityaweekforadults.E.Infact,awalkingroutine—ifdoneproperly—mightbetheonlyaerobicexercisepeopleneed.F.However,itnevermeansthatweshouldfollowthisrecommendationasourstandardforwalking.【答案】50.C51.E52.A53.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了直立行走是人类独有的行进方式，这一方式好处多多，“每天一万步”这一理念也深入人心，但新的研究对这一观点进行了修正。【50题详解】上文“We’retheonlyprimatethatgetsaroundbystandingupandputtingonefootinfrontoftheother.Inmorethan4millionyearshumanity’sancestorshavebeenbipedal.(我们是唯一一种通过站立并将一只脚放在另一只脚前面来行走的灵长类动物。在400多万年的时间里，人类的祖先一直行走)

22”提到人类行走方式的独特，C项“Ourabilitytowalkuprighthasallowedhumankindtotravelgreatdistancesandsurvivechangingclimates,environmentsandlandscapes.(直立行走的能力使人类能够行走很远的距离，并在变化的气候、环境和地形中生存)”承接上文，进一步说明这一独特方式带来的好处，符合上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【51题详解】上文“Butwalkingismorethanjusttransportation.Italsohappenstobereallygoodforus.Countlessscientificstudieshavefoundthatthissimpleactcanprovideanumberofhealthbenefitsandhelppeoplelivelonger.(但行走不仅仅是交通方式。这对我们也有好处。无数的科学研究发现，这一简单的行为可以带来许多健康益处，并帮助人们活得更长)”提到行走的好处，E项“Infact,awalkingroutine—ifdoneproperly—mightbetheonlyaerobicexercisepeopleneed.(事实上，如果方法正确的话，行走可能是人们唯一需要的有氧运动)”进一步说明行走的作用，符合上下文语意连贯。故选E项。【52题详解】上文“Howmuchwalkingshouldoneaimfor?You’velikelyheardweneed10,000stepsaday.That’sabout5miles.(一个人应该走多少路?你可能听说过我们每天需要走一万步。大约5英里)”提到“每天一万步”这观点，下文“Instead,itstemsfroma1960sadvertisingcampaigntopromoteapedometerinJapan.(相反，它起源于20世纪60年代日本推广计步器的广告活动)”给出这一观点的真正源头，故A项“Contrarytopopularbelief,thisrecommendationdoesn’tcomefromscience.(与普遍的看法相反，这一建议并不是来自科学)”引出下文“每天一万步”这一观点的真正源头，符合上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【53题详解】根据上文“Thestudyalsonotedthatthesebenefitscontinuedupto7,500stepsbeforelevelingoff.This7,500markisn’tsurprising:(该研究还指出，这些益处持续到7500步后才趋于稳定。7500步节点并不令人惊讶：)”中的冒号可知，下文是对“isn’tsurprising”的解释说明，D项“It’sinlinewithcommonpublichealthrecommendations,suchastheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention’srecommendationof150minutesofmoderatephysicalactivityaweekforadults.(这与公共健康的一般建议是一致的，比如美国疾病控制与预防中心(CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention)建议成年人每周适度运动150分钟)”说明7500步与公共健康的一般建议是一致，解释了为什么“isn’tsurprising”，符合上下文语意连贯。故选D项。74.SummaryWriting5%54.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpointsofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.FunctionsofaSpeechTheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingcompliment,entertaining,orsimply

23introducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.Overthepastyears,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwascertainlyastormytime.Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreunitingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.Inspirationalspeecheschallengetheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople'shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.InformativespeechesfromWorldHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibleprotection.Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna'sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.It'snotonlyinworldmeetingswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe'rebornwith.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.First,speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.Second,notonlydoinformativespeechesconveyknowledgebutalsoenhanceunderstanding.What’smore,amourningspeechcanbecomforting.Onapersonallevel,itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithaspeech.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以“演讲的功能”为题，主要介绍了演讲的说服或激励功能，以及告知、赞美、娱乐，和简单地介绍某人或某事以及接受某事的功能。【详解】1要点摘录①Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,

24payingcompliment,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.②Persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.Inspirationalspeecheschallengetheemotions.③Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.④Aspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.⑤Apersonalspeechwillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.2.缜密构思将1、4、5要点进行简化重组,2、3要点合并。3.遣词造句Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.Speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.NotonlydoinformativespeechesconveyknowledgebutalsoenhanceunderstandingAmourningspeechcanbecomforting.Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithapersonalspeech.【点睛】[高分句型1]Onnoaccountcanweignorethepowerofthespeech.运用了部分倒装且概括性强。[高分句型2]：Speechesplayaveryimportantroleinpersuadingorinspiringbyencouragingfirmeractionandchallengingtheemotions.用by+doingsth.作方式状语。[高分句型3]：Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouamuseothersandcheerthemupwithapersonalspeech.用一个复杂的主从复合句概括倒数第二段内容。其中that引导主语从句、且从句中运用了虚拟语气。第II卷I.Spelling5%Directions:Writeoutthewordsaccordingtotherelevantdefinitions.Thefirstletterisgiventoyou.55.i________tomakethemeaningofsomethingclearerbyusingexamples,pictures,etc.56.a________tocomeneartosomebody/somethingindistanceortime57.d________todamagesomethingsobadlythatitnolongerexists,works,etc.58.s________adifficultyorproblemthatdelaysorpreventssomethingormakesasituationworse59.g________anadvantageorimprovement60.i________(ofananimal,abeing,etc.)abletounderstandandlearnthings61.d________showingskillathandlingpeoplesensitively62.s________beliefinthingsthatarenotrealorpossible,suchasmagic

2563.r________abilitynottobeaffectedbysomething64.r________medicinethatcuresanillness(n.);tofixorrepair(v.)【答案】55.illustrate56.approach57.destroy58.setback59.gain60.intellectual61.diplomatic62.superstition63.resistance64.remedy【解析】【55题详解】考查动词。根据“tomakethemeaningofsomethingclearerbyusingexamples,pictures”(通过举例、图片使意思更清楚)可知，此处应填动词，表示“说明，阐明”，根据首字母i可知，此处应填动词illustrate。故填illustrate。【56题详解】考查动词。根据“tocomeneartosomebody/somethingindistanceortime”(在距离或时间上接近某人/某物)和首字母a可知，此处应填动词approach表示“接近”。故填approach。【57题详解】考查动词。根据“todamagesomethingsobadlythatitnolongerexists,works,etc”(使某物严重损坏，使其不复存在、不起作用等)和首字母d可知，此处应填动词destroy表示“毁坏，毁灭”。故填destroy。【58题详解】考查名词。根据“adifficultyorproblemthatdelaysorpreventssomethingormakesasituationworse”(拖延或阻止某事或使情况变得更糟的困难或问题)和首字母s可知，此处应填名词setback表示“挫折，阻碍”。故填setback。【59题详解】考查名词。根据“anadvantageorimprovement”(优势或改进)和首字母g可知，此处应填名词gain表示“好处，改进”。故填gain。【60题详解】考查形容词。根据“(ofananimal,abeing,etc.)abletounderstandandlearnthings”(（指动物、生物等）能够理解和学习事物)和首字母i可知，此处应填形容词intellectual表示“智力的，理智的”。故填intellectual。【61题详解】考查形容词。根据“showingskillathandlingpeoplesensitively”

26(表现出敏感地与人打交道的技巧)和首字母d可知，此处应填形容词diplomatic表示“灵活变通的，老练的”。故填diplomatic。【62题详解】考查名词。根据“beliefinthingsthatarenotrealorpossible,suchasmagic”(相信不真实或不可能的事情，比如魔法)和首字母s可知，此处应填名词superstition表示“迷信”。故填superstition。【63题详解】考查名词。根据“abilitynottobeaffectedbysomething”(不受影响的能力)和首字母r可知，此处应填名词resistance表示“抵抗力，免疫力”。故填resistance。【64题详解】考查名词或动词。根据“medicinethatcuresanillness(n.);tofixorrepair(v.)”(治疗疾病的药物；修理)可知，此处应填remedy，作名词意为“治疗（法），药品”，作动词意为“补救，纠正”。故填remedy。II.Recitation5%Directions:Fillineachblankwiththemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.●However,Huadidreceivethesupportofa____65____whilehewasatschool.●Helovedmathsandstudiedsohardthathemanagedtowina____66____.●Thensomethingterriblehappened:becauseofaseriousillness,hisleftlegbecame____67____.●Despitethisterriblesetback,Huacontinuedtostudyonhisownand____68____.●Mentally,atleast,mostofuscould____69____listsof‘dos’and‘don’ts’.●Thesameoldfavoritesrecuryearinyearout____70____.●Pastexperiencehastaughtusthatcertainaccomplishmentsare____71____.●Ifweremain____72____,itisonlybecausewehavesooftenexperiencedthefrustrationthat____73____.●Wealsomakethefundamentalerrorofannouncingourresolutionstoeverybodysothatwelookevenmorefoolishwhenwe_____74_____ourbadoldways.【答案】65.teacher66.mathscompetition67.lame68.nevergiveup69.compileformidable70.withmonotonousregularity71.beyondattainment72.inveteratesmoker73.resultsfromfailure74slipbackinto

27【解析】【65题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，华在学校的时候确实得到了一位老师的帮助。根据句意和“whilehewasatschool”可知，他得到老师的帮助。故填teacher。【66题详解】考查名词词组。句意：他热爱数学，学习如此努力，以至于赢得了数学竞赛。根据“Helovedmathsandstudiedsohard”可推知，他赢得了数学竞赛，用“mathcompetition”，意为“数学竞赛”。故填mathcompetition。【67题详解】考查形容词。句意：然后可怕的事情发生了:因为一场重病，他的左腿跛了。根据“aseriousillness”可推知，他的腿跛了，形容词“lame”意为“瘸的，跛的”。故填lame。【68题详解】考查动词短语。句意：尽管遇到了这样的挫折，华还是坚持自学，从未放弃。根据“despite”可知，前后句意有转折有关系，尽管遇到挫折，但从未放弃。故填nevergiveup。【69题详解】考查动词。句意：至少，我们大多数人都能在心里罗列出该做和不该做的事情。根据“lists”可知是列出列表或清单，动词“compile”表示“罗列，汇编”。故填compile。【70题详解】考查介词短语。句意：同样的偏好年复一年地以单调的规律出现。根据“Thesameoldfavoritesrecuryearinyearout”可知，同样的偏好以单调的规律反复出现，用介词词组“withmonotonousregularity”，意为“以单调的规律”。故填withmonotonousregularity。【71题详解】考查介词短语。句意：过去的经验告诉我们，有些成就是无法达到的。根据句意，应填入介词短语“beyondattainment”，意为“无法实现”。故填beyondattainment。【72题详解】考查名词词组。句意：如果我们一直吸烟，那只是因为我们经常经历失败带来的挫折。根据句意和remain可知，应填入词组inveteratesmokers，意为“积习难改的吸烟者”，符合句意。故填inveteratesmokers。【73题详解】考查动词短语。句意：如果我们一直吸烟，那只是因为我们经常经历失败带来的挫折。根据句意和frustration可知，应填入resultsfromfailure，意为“因为经历失败”，定语从句主语

28that(即frustration)是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填resultsfromfailure。【74题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们还犯了一个根本性的错误：向所有人宣布我们的决心，这样，当我们重新陷入坏方式时，就会显得更加愚蠢。根据句意和welookevenmorefoolish可推知，应填入动词短语slipbackinto作从句谓语动词，意为“重新陷入”，结合语境，应用一般现在时态。故填slipbackinto。III.Phrases5%Directions:Fillingintheblankswiththeproperformsofthephrasesgiveninthebox.Eachphrasecanbeusedonlyonce.Therearethreemorephrasesthanyouneed.scratchthesurfacecomeacrossbebetteroffthebigpictureexpelfromputupwithappealtokeepupwith75.Inthisarticle,theauthorwillreconstruct__________ofeconomicdevelopmentinUkraineinordertounderstandandoutlineitseconomicfuture.76.ConsideringthecomingattackbyRussia,they__________theworldcommunitytocometoUkraine'sassistanceatpresent.77.Theinvestigationofthegovernorrevealedsomesuspiciousdealing.Itisthoughtthatsofartheinvestigatorshaven'tdoneanythingbut__________.78.Despitebeingabrightstudent,theresourcefulWilliamendsup__________schoolwhenhisparentsarenolongabletomaketheirpayments.79.Australiansseemed__________someprettyrestrictivelockdownsandrulesfromthebeginningofthepandemicofCOVID-19,whiletheAmericansdidn't.【答案】75.thebigpicture76.appealto77.scratchedthesurface78.beingexpelledfrom79.tohavecomeacross【解析】【75题详解】考查名词短语。句意：在这篇文章中，作者将重建乌克兰经济发展大局，以了解和概述其经济未来。分析句子结构可知，设空处为reconstruct的宾语，需使用名词，“thebigpicture

29”意为图景，符合句意，故填thebigpicture。【76题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：考虑到俄罗斯即将发动攻击，他们呼吁国际社会目前向乌克兰提供援助。根据时间状语“atpresent”（目前）可知，句子时态为一般现在时，“appealto”意为“呼吁”，符合句意，故填appealto。【77题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：对州长的调查揭露了一些可疑的交易。据认为，到目前为止，调查人员只做了皮毛而已。根据连词but可知，设空处为与haven’tdoneanything并列的谓语动词，根据句意可知，调查人员调查的动作发生在过去，需使用一般过去时，“scratchthesurface”意为“只做了肤浅的研究”符合句意，故填scratchedthesurface。【78题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管是一个聪明的学生，机灵的威廉最终被学校开除，因为他的父母再也不能支付他们的付款。根据句子结构分析可知，endup是谓语动词，设空处为非谓语动词，作介词up后的宾语，“expelfrom”意为“从……驱逐”，符合句意。因主语William与expelfrom是被动关系，因此需使用动名词的被动形式，故填beingexpelledfrom。【79题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：澳大利亚似乎从COVID-19大流行开始就遇到了一些非常严格的封锁和规定，而美国没有。根据句子结构分析可知，seem是句子谓语，则设空处是非谓语动词，作seem系动词后的表语，根据句子的时态判断，动作发生在过去，应使用不定式的完成式，“comeacross”意为“遇到”符合句意，故填tohavecomeacross。VI.Translation12%Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.80.他愿以血肉之躯捍卫祖国国土安全。（dedicate）（汉译英）【答案】Heiswillingtodedicatehimselftodefendhishomelandwithhisfleshandblood.【解析】【详解】考查动词短语搭配。分析句子可知，本句为一般事实性表达，应用一般现在时。表示“愿意”应用固定搭配bewillingto；表示“捍卫祖国国土安全”应用动宾结构defendhishomeland；根据所给英文提示可知，本句应用动词短语搭配dedicateoneselfto表示“致力于，献身”，表示“以血肉之躯”应用withhisfleshandblood表达。故翻译为Heiswillingtodedicatehimselftodefendhishomelandwithhisfleshandblood.

3081.正是由于在座各位的夜以继日的付出，我们的活动才能圆满结束。（汉译英）【答案】Itisthankstothededicationofallofyouheredayandnight,thatoureventcanwrapup.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和强调句。此处为强调“itbe+被强调部分+that”；表示“由于在座各位的夜以继日的付出”翻译为thankstothededicationofallofyouheredayandnight；表示“我们的活动才能圆满结束”翻译为oureventcanwrapup。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Itisthankstothededicationofallofyouhere,dayandnight,thatoureventcanwrapup.82.尽管连日酷暑难耐，他依旧坚守岗位，这毅力可不是常人所能忍受的。（whose;afford）（汉译英）【答案】Despitethescorchingheatdayafterday,hestillstickstohispost,whoseperseveranceiswhatordinarypeoplecan'tafford.【解析】【详解】考查介词、时态、定语从句和表语从句。“尽管”可以用介词despite加名词表示，“连日酷暑难耐”表示为thescorchingheatdayafterday，表示现在的状态用一般现在时。“坚守岗位”表示为短语stickstoone’spost，先行词是he，在定语从句中做定语，用whose；“不是常人所能忍受的”表示为ordinarypeoplecan’tafford。is后是表语从句，缺少宾语用what引导。故翻译为Despitethescorchingheatdayafterday,hestillstickstohispost,whoseperseveranceiswhatordinarypeoplecan’tafford.

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