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1、TheAttributiveClause定语从句WhichbabyisJack?穿黄裤子的baby是Jack。ThebabyisJack.ThebabyisJack.whosetrousersareyellowwhoiswearingyellowtrousersJackWhichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouse关键词:定语从句,先行词,主句,关系代词1.Thestudents(whodon’tstudyhard)willnotpa
2、ss先行词定语从句theexam.主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.2.Thewoman(whoyousawinthepark)isour先行词定语从句Englishteacher.主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.从句的主语:you从句的宾语:whom引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that,which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的一个成份。关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Themanw
3、hoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder(which)heisusingi
4、smadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?4.that指人/物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.5.whose表示物主,与其后的名词共同表示从句的主语Thisi
5、sthegirlwhosenameisSally.Thatistheboywhosefatherisapoliceman.归纳:that,即指人又指物,作主语或宾语。which,指物,作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时,可省去。1)Aplaneisamachine________________canfly.2)Thecar____________________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestu
6、dents________________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman___________________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.which/thatwhich/that///who/thatwhom/that///以下情况只能用that1先行词既有指人又有指物2当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时,有theonly,thevery等修饰时3先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing
7、等不定代词4主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.2.Isthisfactorythatwevisitedlastweek?theoneThisfactoryistheonethatwevisitedlastweek.3.Heisthepersonforwhomyouarelooking.for4.ThepersontowhomyoutalkedisLily.ThepersonwhomyoutalkedtoisLily.归纳:1定语从句要避免成分
8、重复2定语从句要避免漏用先行词3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时,有如下要点:1要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能,如作主语还是宾语等。2当先行词指人时,关系代词可用who(做主语,宾语),that(做主语,宾语),whom(作宾语),whose(作定语)3当先行词指物时,关系代词可用that