华工流体力学复习提纲

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1、Chapter2Fluidflow流体流动fluidstaticsanditsapplicationNatureoffluidsDensity密度Incompressiblefluid不可压缩流体Compressiblefluid可压缩流体Pressure压强(压力)IndependentofdirectionUnitSI制：N/m2或Pa，mmHg，mH2OPg=Pabs–PatmPv=Patm-PabsHydrostaticequilibrium静力学方程hydrostaticequationapplication应用Utubemano

2、meterU形压差计的计算式Limitation:适用：静止、连续的同种不可压缩性流体；Incompressiblefluid、Continuousfluid压力形式能量形式Solution:图(a)∆p=Rg(ρm-ρ)；图(b)∆p=Rg(ρm-ρ空)=Rgρm；图(c)∆p=Rg(ρm-ρE)图(d)∆p=Rgρm-hgρ。Chapter3Fluid-flowphenomena流体的流动现象Idealfluid理想流体HaszeroviscosityPotentialflowhastwocharacteristics:Irrigati

3、onalflowThereisnofrictionlossNewtonianfluid牛顿型流体theproportionalityconstantμForgas,itincreaseswithtemperatureForliquid,itdecreaseswithtemperature1Pa·S=10P（泊）=1000cP(厘泊)一、牛顿粘性定律Laminarflow层流/滞流fluidflowsinparallelstraightlines.withoutlateralmixingLaminarandturbulentflow滞流和湍流

4、Turbulentflow湍流fluidmoveserraticallyinformofcrosscurrentsandeddiesReynoldsnumber雷诺准数●Re≤2100,flowislaminarflow滞流Re≥4000,flowisturbulence湍流●2100

5、体在管内边界层的发展Boundary-layerseparationandwakeformation边界层的分离Chapter4basicequationsoffluidflow流体动力学Massbalance连续性方程incompressiblefluid,flowthroughthestationaandbMechanicalenergybalance柏努力方程J/kgmpa应用范围Forincompressibleflow(不可压缩流体.)2.Withoutfrictionloss3.Forunit．．．Chap5Incompress

6、ibleflowinpipesandchannels流体流动阻力λ=4fShearstressandskinfrictioninpipes直管阻力直管阻力通式（范宁公式Flowinnoncircularchannel非圆形管内的流动阻力当量直径直径de代替非圆形管dVelocitydistributioninapipe流体在圆管内速度分布层流流动时，平均速度与最大速度的关系：u=0.5umax湍流流动时，平均速度与最大速度的关系：u=0.87umaxHagen-Poiseuilleequation哈根一泊谡叶公式Turbulentflowi

7、npipes湍流流动Laminarflowinpipes层流流动frictionfactorandfrictioncoefficientchart莫狄（Moody）摩擦因数图Frictionfromchangesinvelocityordirection局部阻力计算FrictionlossfromsuddenexpansionofcrosssectionFrictionlossfromsuddencontractionofcrosssectionEffectoffittingsandvalvesu------小管平均流速PipeFlowSy

8、stems管路计算SinglePipes简单管路MultiplePipesSystems复杂管路Chapter6flowpastimmersedbodies非均相物系分离Ter