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1、代数ALGEBRA1.数论naturalnumber自然数positivenumber正数negativenumber负数oddinteger,oddnumber奇数eveninteger,evennumber偶数integer,wholenumber整数positivewholenumber正整数negativewholenumber负整数consecutivenumber连续整数realnumber,rationalnumber实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数compositenumber合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,1
2、4,15…primenumber质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…reciprocal倒数commondivisor公约数multiple倍数(minimum)commonmultiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子commonfactor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数mean平均数median中值commonratio公比2.基本数学概念arithmeticmean算术平均值weightedaverage加权平均值geometricmean
3、几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根commonlogarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementaryfunction余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolutevalue绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32roundoff四舍五入数学3.基本运算add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除
4、divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数,红利divisor因子,除数,公约数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入4.代数式,方程,不等式algebraicterm代数项liketerms,similarterms同类项numericalcoefficient数字系数literalcoefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangleinequality三角不等式range值域o
5、riginalequation原方程equivalentequation同解方程,等价方程linearequation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)5.分数,小数properfraction真分数improperfraction假分数mixednumber带分数vulgarfraction,commonfraction普通分数simplefraction简分数complexfraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)commondenominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimalfraction纯小数infin
6、itedecimal无穷小数recurringdecimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位6.集合union并集propersubset真子集solutionset解集7.数列arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差数列geometricprogression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计,近似parentheses括号proportion比例per
7、mutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometricfunction三角函数unit单位,位几何GEOMETRY1.角alternateangle内错角correspondingangle同位角verticalangle对顶角centralangle圆心角interiorangle内角exteriorangle外角supplementaryangles补角complementaryangle余角adjacentangle邻角acuteangle锐角obtuseangle钝角righ