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1、TribolLett(2008)29:85–94DOI10.1007/s11249-007-9285-yORIGINALPAPERUtilizingtheExplicitFiniteElementMethodforStudyingGranularFlowsM.A.KabirÆMichaelR.LovellÆC.FredHiggsIIIReceived:25June2007/Accepted:29November2007/Publishedonline:19December2007ÓSpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC20
2、07AbstractGranularflowsaresystemsofcomplexdrycomparisonsaremadetotheresultspublishedbyLun.particulateswhosebehaviorisdifficulttopredictduring[Lun,C.K.etal.:Phys.Fluids8,2868–2883(1996)]slidingcontact.ExistingcomputationaltoolsusedtoOverall,theresultsindicatethattheexplicitFEMisas
3、imulategranularflowsareparticledynamics,cellularpowerfultoolforsimulatinggranularflowphenomenainautomata(CA),andcontinuummodeling.Inthepresentslidingcontacts.Infact,theexplicitmethoddemonstratedinvestigation,anothernumericaltool—theexplicitfiniteseveraladvantagesoverexistingnumeri
4、caltechniqueselementmethod(FEM)—isanalyzedasapotentialtech-whileprovidingequivalentaccuracytothemolecularniqueforsimulatinggranularflow.Forthispurpose,dynamics(MD)approach.Theseadvantagesincludedexplicitdynamicfiniteelementmodelsofparallelshearbeingabletomonitorthecollision(sub-s
5、urfaceandsur-cellsweredeveloped.Thesemodelscontained52particlesface)stressesandkineticenergiesofindividualparticlesandconsistedofgranulesthatarebothroundandmulti-overtime,theabilitytoanalyzeanyparticleshape,andtheshaped(diamond,triangle,andrectangle).Eachparallelabilitytocaptur
6、eforcechainsduringgranularflow.shearcellconsistedofasmoothstationarytopwallandaroughbottomsurfacethatwasgivenaprescribedvelocityKeywordsFiniteelementmethodShearcellofU=0.7in/sec(1.78cm/s).ThecoefficientoffrictionGranularflowDryparticulatelubrication(COF)betweentheparticle–parti
7、cleandparticle–wallcollisionswasvariedbetween0.0and0.75.Utilizingtheoutputofthesimulations,resultsarepresentedfortheshear1Introductionbehavior,particlekineticenergy,andparticlestresseswithintheshearcellasafunctionoftime.AsameansofApplicationsofgranularflowscanbefoundinbothman-va
8、lidatingtheexplicittechniqueforgranularflow,a75madeproc