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1、Chapter6:KoreanDialects6Koreandialects:ageneralsurveyJaehoonYeon6.1IntroductionTheKoreanlanguageisrelativelyhomogeneousandthedialectsfromdifferentareascanbemutuallyintelligibletoagreatextent.Nevertheless,thedialectsofKoreanexhibitconsiderablevarietyinphonology,morphology,andvocabulary.Theyaref
2、inelydifferentiatedintoanumberofareasbasedonregionaldifferences.ThereisnoobviouscorrelationbetweenthemoderndialectsandtheancienthistoricaldivisionsofKorea,i.e.theThreeKingdomperiod.SillaandPaekcheroughlycoincidewiththecurrentsoutheasterndialectandsouthwesterndialectrespectively,butnortheastern
3、,northwestern,central,andChejudialectscannotbecorrelatedwithanyoneancienthistoricalkingdominKorea.SinceKoreaismountainous,thelanguageisquitenaturallydividedfinelyintodifferentdialectsaccordingtotopography.Mostscholarsseemtoagreeonsixmajordialectalzonesbasedroughlyondifferentgeographicalregions
4、:(1)Thenorthwesterndialects(P‟yŏnganprovince)(2)Thenortheasterndialects(Hamgyŏngprovince)(3)Thecentraldialects(includingKyŏnggi,Hwanghae,KangwonandCh‟ungch‟ŏngprovinces)(4)Thesouthwesterndialects(Chŏllaprovince)(5)Thesoutheasterndialects(Kyŏngsangprovince)(6)Chejudialect(Chejuisland)Thedialect
5、usedbytheKoreancommunityintheYanbianAutonomousPrefectureofChinainManchuriacanbeincludedintheHamgyŏngdialectsbecausetheirmutualsimilarityisduetotheearlyimmigrationofHamgyŏngpeopletothatareaandtheirsubsequentlinguisticcontact.ThelanguagespokenbyKoreansinCentralAsia,i.e.KazakhstanandUzbekistanhas
6、evolvedfromtheYukchindialectthatispartoftheHamgyŏngdialects,butithasmanyarchaicformsaswellasinnovationscomparedwiththeoriginalYukchindialects(King1992).Inadditiontotheregionaldialects,NorthKoreanandSouthKoreanrevealaconsiderablelinguisticdivergenceresultingfromNorthandSouthdivisionin1945andthe
7、subsequentKoreanWarin1950.InthissectionwewillexaminethedialectaldifferencesinKorean,salientphonologicalisoglosses,typicalfeaturesofeachdialect,andthelinguisticdivergencebetweenNorthandSouthKorean.Inthebodyofthetext,wetranscribeallKorean
