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1、GAWK:EffectiveAWKProgrammingAUser’sGuideforGNUAwkEdition4June,2011ArnoldD.Robbins“Toboldlygowherenomanhasgonebefore”isaRegisteredTrademarkofParamountPicturesCorporation.Publishedby:FreeSoftwareFoundation51FranklinStreet,FifthFloorBoston,MA02110-1301USAPhone:+1-617-542-594
2、2Fax:+1-617-542-2652Email:gnu@gnu.orgURL:http://www.gnu.org/ISBN1-882114-28-0Copyrightc1989,1991,1992,1993,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2007,2009,2010,2011FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc.ThisisEdition4ofGAWK:EffectiveAWKProgramming:AUser’sGuideforGNUAwk,fo
3、rthe4.0.0(orlater)versionoftheGNUimplementationofAWK.Permissionisgrantedtocopy,distributeand/ormodifythisdocumentunderthetermsoftheGNUFreeDocumentationLicense,Version1.3oranylaterversionpublishedbytheFreeSoftwareFoundation;withtheInvariantSectionsbeing“GNUGeneralPublicLic
4、ense”,theFront-Covertextsbeing(a)(seebelow),andwiththeBack-CoverTextsbeing(b)(seebelow).Acopyofthelicenseisincludedinthesectionentitled“GNUFreeDocumentationLicense”.a.“AGNUManual”b.“YouhavethefreedomtocopyandmodifythisGNUmanual.BuyingcopiesfromtheFSFsupportsitindeveloping
5、GNUandpromotingsoftwarefreedom.”ToMiriam,formakingmecomplete.ToChana,forthejoyyoubringus.ToRivka,fortheexponentialincrease.ToNachum,fortheaddeddimension.ToMalka,forthenewbeginning.iShortContentsForeword::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1Preface::::::::::::::
6、:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::31GettingStartedwithawk::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::112Runningawkandgawk::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::253RegularExpressions::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::374ReadingInputFiles::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::495PrintingOutput::::::
7、:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::736Expressions:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::897Patterns,Actions,andVariables:::::::::::::::::::::::1118Arraysinawk::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1359Functions::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::14710Internationalizati
8、onwithgawk:::::::::::::::::::::::::18511AdvancedFeaturesofgawk:::::::::::::::::::::::::::19512AL
