质量通病防治手册.pdf

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1、目录1地基与基础...........................................................11.1渗漏.............................................................11.2插筋偏位.........................................................31.3荷载干扰裂缝............................................

2、.........51.4后浇带下沉.......................................................62主体结构.............................................................62.1渗漏.............................................................62.2空间尺寸偏差....................................

3、.................82.3板面高低差控制..................................................102.4楼梯踏步质量控制................................................112.5混凝土观感缺陷..................................................122.6二次结构缺陷.........................................

4、...........153装饰装修............................................................183.1空鼓、开裂......................................................183.2渗漏............................................................213.3阴阳角不顺直.................................

5、...................253.4楼梯踏步尺寸偏差................................................264屋面................................................................265保温节能............................................................286建筑给水、排水及采暖........................

6、........................297建筑电气............................................................328附录：质量通病防治常规参考做法......................................458.1钢筋保护层偏差..................................................458.2直螺纹缺陷..................................

7、....................468.3钢筋观感缺陷....................................................478.4滴水线质量控制..................................................47住宅工程常见施工质量通病防治手册1地基与基础1.1渗漏通病1裂缝渗漏水【现象】在混凝土表面出现不规则的竖向裂缝、斜向或环形裂缝。当裂缝贯穿于混凝土结构时，即产生渗漏水现象。混凝土裂缝渗水现象如下图1.1.1-1、

8、2所示。图1.1.1-1外墙裂缝渗漏1图1.1.1-2外墙裂缝渗漏2【原因分析】受力不均及混凝土收缩；混凝土配合比及坍落度控制不严；施工方法不当、养护不到位。【预防措施】建议增加抗裂网片、膨胀剂、抗裂纤维等；优化混凝土配合比，保证养护条件及时间。【纠正措施】对渗漏的裂缝采用高压注浆法。常用材料有聚氨酯、环氧树脂、快速堵漏胶等。如图1.1.1-3、4所示。图1.1.1-3裂缝高压注浆1图1.1.1-4裂缝高压注浆21通病2施工缝、后浇带渗漏【现象】混凝土骨