单片机毕业外文翻译

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1、外文资料翻译Thesingle-chipmicrocomputeristheculminationofboththedevelopmentofthedigitalcomputerandtheintegratedcircuitarguablythetwomostsignificantinventionsofthe20thcentury.Someemploythesplitprogram/datamemoryoftheHarvardarchitecture,showninFig.A-1,othersfollowthephilos

2、ophy,widelyadaptedforgeneral-purposecomputersandmicroprocessors,ofmakingnologicaldistinctionbetweenprogramanddatamemoryasinthePrincetonarchitecture,showninFig.A-2.Ingeneraltermsasingle-chipmicrocomputerischaracterizedbytheincorporationofalltheunitsofacomputerintoas

3、ingledevice,asshowninFig3-5A-3.Thesetwotypesofarchitecturearefoundinsingle-chipmicrocomputer.Fig.A-1AHarvardtypeFig.A-2AconventionalPrincetoncomputerReadonlymemory(ROM)ROMisusuallyforthepermanent,non-volatilestorageofanapplicationsprogram.Manymicrocomputersandmicro

4、controllersareintendedforhigh-volumeapplicationsandhencetheeconomicalmanufactureofthedevicesrequiresthatthecontentsoftheprogrammemorybecommittedpermanentlyduringthemanufactureofchips.Clearly,thisimpliesarigorousapproachtoROMcodedevelopmentsincechangescannotbemadeaf

5、termanufacture.Thisdevelopmentprocessmayinvolveemulationusingasophisticateddevelopmentsystemwithahardwareemulationcapabilityaswellastheuseofpowerfulsoftwaretools.SomemanufacturersprovideadditionalROMoptionsbyincludingintheirrangedeviceswith(orintendedforusewith)use

6、rprogrammablememory.Thesimplestoftheseisusuallydevicewhichcanoperateinamicroprocessormodebyusingsomeoftheinput/outputlinesasanaddressanddatabusforaccessingexternalmemory.Thistypeofdevicecanbehavefunctionallyasthesinglechipmicrocomputerfromwhichitisderivedalbeitwith

7、restrictedI/Oandamodifiedexternalcircuit.TheuseoftheseROMlessdevicesiscommoneveninproductioncircuitswherethevolumedoesnotjustifythedevelopmentcostsofcustomon-chipROM;therecanstillbeasignificantsavinginI/Oandotherchipscomparedtoaconventionalmicroprocessorbasedcircui

8、t.MoreexactreplacementforROMdevicescanbeobtainedintheformofvariantswith'piggy-back'EPROM(ErasableprogrammableROM)socketsordeviceswithEPROMinstead