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1、HistoryoftheWars/BookIII1HistoryoftheWars/BookIIIISuch,then,wasthefinaloutcomeofthePersianWarfortheEmperorJustinian;andIshallnowproceedtosetforthallthathedidagainsttheVandalsandtheMoors.ButfirstshallbetoldwhencecamethehostoftheVandalswhentheydescendeduponthelandoftheRomans.AfterTheodosiu
2、s,theRomanEmperor,haddepartedfromtheworld,havingprovedhimselfoneofthemostjustofmenandanablewarrior,hiskingdomwastakenoverbyhistwosons,Arcadius,theelder,receivingtheEasternportion,andHonorius,theyounger,theWestern.[Jan.17,395A.D.]ButtheRomanpowerhadbeenthusdividedasfarbackasthetimeofConst
3、antineandhissons;forhetransferredhisgovernmenttoByzantium,andmakingthecitylargerandmuchmorerenowned,allowedittobenamedafterhim.Nowtheearthissurroundedbyacircleofocean,eitherentirelyorforthemostpart(forourknowledgeisnotasyetatallclearinthismatter);anditissplitintotwocontinentsbyasortofout
4、flowfromtheocean,aflowwhichentersatthewesternpartandformsthisSeawhichweknow,beginningatGadira[1]andextendingallthewaytotheMaeoticLake.[2]Ofthesetwocontinentstheonetotheright,asonesailsintotheSea,asfarastheLake,hasreceivedthenameofAsia,beginningatGadiraandatthesouthern[3]ofthetwoPillarsof
5、Heracles.Septem[4]isthenamegivenbythenativestothefortatthatpoint,sincesevenhillsappearthere;for"septem"hastheforceof"seven"intheLatintongue.AndthewholecontinentoppositethiswasnamedEurope.Andthestraitatthatpointseparatesthetwocontinents[5]byabouteighty-fourstades,butfromthereontheyarekept
6、apartbywideexpansesofseaasfarastheHellespont.ForatthispointtheyagainapproacheachotheratSestusandAbydus,andoncemoreatByzantiumandChalcedonasfarastherockscalledinancienttimesthe"DarkBlueRocks,"whereevennowistheplacecalledHieron.Forattheseplacesthecontinentsareseparatedfromoneanotherbyadist
7、anceofonlytenstadesandevenlessthanthat.NowthedistancefromoneofthePillarsofHeraclestotheother,ifonegoesalongtheshoreanddoesnotpassaroundtheIonianGulfandtheseacalledtheEuxinebutcrossesfromChalcedon[6]toByzantiumandfromDryous[7]totheoppositemainland,[8]isajourneyoftwohundred