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1、外文文献Self-attribution,sun-signtraits,andtheallegedroleoffavourablenessasamoderatorvariable:long-termeffectorartefact?EdgarWunderAbstractTheprocessofself-attributionisanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofbeliefsinthevalidityofpresentedpersonalitydescriptions.Hamilton(2001)p
2、roposedthattherelativefavourablenessofastrologicallyderivedpersonalitydescriptionsisamoderatorvariableforlong-termself-attributioneffectsbasedonknowledgeoftheastrologicalsun-signsymbolism.Becausethesetsoftraitsassociatedwithsomesun-signsarethoughttobemorefavourablethant
3、hoseofothersun-signs,shepredictsthatnativesbornunderamorefavourablesignshouldshowastrongerbeliefinastrologythansubjectsbornunderlessfavourablesigns.Totestthishypothesis,westudied1700Germansubjects,toseeiftheirbeliefinastrologyvariedwithrespecttotheirsun-sign.Butthemeanb
4、eliefscoreswerealmostexactlythesameforallsigngroups,providingstrongevidenceagainstHamilton’shypothesis.ItisproposedthattheconflictingempiricalfindingsofHamilton(2001)areprobablyartefactsoftheexperimentalsetting,andnotlong-termeffectsofself-attribution.Keywords:Self-attr
5、ibution;Personalitydescriptions;Confirmatorytestingstrategies;Astrology;Paranormalbeliefsystems;Favourableness1.IntroductionAnanomalydiscoveredserendipitouslybyMayo,White,andEysenck(1978),whichwassubsequentlyexplainedbyPawlikandBuse(1979)intermsofattributiontheory,manag
6、edtobecomeaprominentexemplarfortheprocessofself-attribution:Subjectstendedtodescribetheirpersonalityintermsofthosetraitsthatpertainedtotheirastrologicalsun-signs,butonlyiftheyhadsomeastrologicalknowledge.Theeffectwasreplicatedseveraltimes(Eysenck&Nias1981,1982;Fichten&S
7、unerton,1983;Jackson,1979;Kelly,1982;Smithers&Cooper,1978),evenifnoreferencetoastrologywasmadeuntilthedebriefingofthesubjects(Hamilton,1995;VanRooij,1994,1999),orifthedataweregatheredoriginallyforapurposewhichhasnothingtodowithastrologyatall(Clarke,Gabriels,&Barnes,1996
8、;VanRooij,Brak,&Commandeur,1988),buttheeffectisstrongerwhenacueisgiventothesubjectsthatthestudyisaboutastrolog
