中考英语定于从句练习及讲解

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1、定语从句一．观察句子：找出定语从句，先行词，关系词。1.SheistheoldwomanwhomIsawthismorning.2.MaryisthegirlwhoseparentsworkinJapan3.Isthisthekeywhichyouarelookingfor?4.Isthereanyroomwhosewindowfacesthesea?5.Hewho/thatdoesn’treachthegreatwallisnotatrueman.6.Idon’tlikethegirlwhom/thatyouaretalkingabou

2、t.7.Thisisthehousewhich/thathasjustbeenpainted.8.Thecomputer(which/that)Iboughtamonthagobrokedownyesterday.9.ThegirlwhoseEnglishisverygoodwonthefirstplaceinthe100-meterrace.10.Thisismyschoolwhosebuildingsarebuiltonthetopofahill.结论1：引导定语从句的关系代词有____________________________

3、____________。who—指，做。whom—指，做(优先)。that—指，做which—指做。whose—指，做。关系代词与先行词的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.that=2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.who=3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayaf

4、ternoon.Whose=结论2：关系代词=先行词Whose=先行词的所有格=the+n.+of+whom/which介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Themantowhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway.结论3:关系代词前有介词时(介词提前)，指人只用,指物只用，不用和。三．找出下列句子中的先行词,关系词说出关系词在从句中所充当的成分;1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.3.A

5、childwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.语法讲解：一.定语从句的功用和结构11在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句按其语法性质可分为限制性和两种。限定性定语从句用来限定先行词的范围，是不可缺少的成分；非限制性定语从句用来补充说明先行词，添加信息，省略后对全句没有太大的影响。例如：Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyoukno

6、weverybodywhocametotheparty?IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.二.关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。1.作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：Idon’tli

7、kepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.2.作宾语：SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.3.作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirl

8、whosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.4.作状语I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Thisisthe